Zusammenfassung
Die immunsuppressive Therapie eines schweren Schubs der Colitis ulcerosa birgt das
Risiko opportunistischer Darminfektionen. Unter Gabe von Steroiden, Immunmodulatoren
wie Cyclosporin oder Azathioprin sowie dem TNF-α-Antagonisten Infliximab sollte die
Suche nach opportunistischen Erregern frühzeitig erfolgen, um unnötige Komplikationen
zu vermeiden. Wir stellen die Kasuistik eines Patienten mit einem schweren Schub einer
Colitis ulcerosa vor, der unter einer immunsuppressiven Therapie mit Steroiden, Cyclosporin
und Azathioprin sowie nachfolgend Infliximab eine synchrone Infektion mit Cytomegalieviren
und Clostridium difficile im Kolon sowie eine Herpes-Ösophagitis entwickelte. Nach
Therapie dieser Infektionen erreichte der Patient vorübergehend ein gutes Ansprechen.
Die vorliegende Kasuistik unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit einer kontinuierlichen Erregerdiagnostik
bei chronisch entzündlichen Darmerkrankungen – sowohl vor Beginn eines jeden Schubs
als auch bei Erkrankungsaktivierung unter Therapie.
Abstract
The treatment of severe flares of ulcerative colitis is based on systemic corticosteroids,
immunomodulators such as cyclosporine and azathioprine and in some cases TNF-alpha-antagonists,
respectively. These immunosuppressed patients are susceptible for infectious pathogens.
Here we report the case of a patient with a severe flare of ulcerative colitis that
was first treated with systemic corticosteroids combined with immunomodulators and
subsequent with infliximab. The patient then experienced an infection with Clostridium
difficile and cytomegalovirus of the colon and a Herpes simplex esophagitis, respectively.
After specific treatment the patient responded well to the immunosuppressive therapy.
This case illustrates that infections have to be considered before systemic treatment
of an acute flare of ulcerative colitis is instituted especially in the case of disease
activation during immunosuppressive treatment.
Schlüsselwörter
infektiöse Kolitis - Colitis ulcerosa - Morbus Crohn - chronisch entzündliche Darmerkrankung
- intestinale Komplikation
Key words
infectious colitis - ulcerative colitis - Crohn’s disease - chronc inflammatory bowel
disease - intestinal complications
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PD Dr. Christian N. Arnold
Abteilung Innere Medizin II, Medizinische Universitätsklinik Freiburg
Hugstetter Str. 55
79106 Freiburg
Phone: ++ 49/7 61/2 70 34 01
Fax: ++ 49/7 61/2 70 33 61
Email: christian.arnold@uniklinik-freiburg.de