Abstract
The catalytic enantioselective electrophilic α-amination promoted
by chiral palladium complexes is described. Treatment of α-cyanoketones
with azodicarboxylates as electrophilic amination reagents under
mild reaction conditions afforded the corresponding α-amino α-cyanoketones
with excellent enantiomeric excesses (81-95% ee).
Key words
electrophilic amination - asymmetric catalysis - chiral palladium
catalysts - α-cyanoketones
References and Notes
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General Procedure
for the Amination of α-Cyanoketone
To a stirred
solution of α-cyanoketone 3 (0.2
mmol) and catalyst 1a (BF4 )
(9.6 mg, 0.01 mmol) in acetone (2 mL) was added tert -butyl
azodicarboxylate (4d , 46 mg, 0.2 mmol)
at r.t. The reaction mixture was stirred for 10 min to 20 h at r.t. The
mixture was diluted with sat. NH4 Cl solution (10 mL) and
extracted with EtOAc (2 × 10 mL). The
combined organic layers were dried over MgSO4 , filtered, concentrated,
and purified by flash chromatography (EtOAc-hexane, 1:3)
to afford the α-aminated α-cyano-ketone 5 .
2-Aminated
2-Cyano-1-indanone 5a
[α]D
²² -21.5
(c 1.45, CHCl3 , 92% ee). ¹ H
NMR (200 MHz, CDCl3 ): δ = 7.90-7.82
(m, 1 H), 7.74-7.66 (m, 1 H), 7.56-7.43 (m, 2
H), 7.01 (br s, 1 H), 4.07-3.83 (m, 2 H), 1.62-1.22
(m, 18 H). ¹³ C NMR (50 MHz, CDCl3 ): δ = 190.1, 155.5,
149.3, 136.9, 136.6, 132.2, 128.6, 126.5, 125.9, 115.6, 84.3, 82.2,
68.4, 40.9, 28.2, 27.8. MS (MSI): m/z (%) = 387 [M+ ],
356 (10), 332 (70), 275 (32), 232 (8), 213 (12), 188 (7.5), 158
(8). ESI-HRMS: m/z calcd for C20 H25 N3 O5 [M]+ :
387.1794; found: 387.1802. HPLC (hexane-i -PrOH,
8:2, 254 nm, 1.0 mL/min, Chiralpak AD column): t
R = 5.8
min (minor), t
R = 7.7
min (major).