Extracellular regulation of TGF-β activity in wound repair: growth factor latency as a sensor mechanism for injury

Summary

The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family of growth factors are major regulators of wound repair, scar formation, and fibrosis. One of the prominent features of TGF-β biology is the fact that this growth factor is secreted as a latent precursor, which may be directed to and stored at specific sites in the cellular microenvironment. Targeting and mobilization, and particularly extracellular activation of latent TGF-β control the biological action of this growth factor. This review will focus on mechanisms of extracellular TGF-β regulation relevant to and potentially operating in wound repair and scarring.

Keywords

TGF-β - TGF-β regulation - latent TGF-β activation - wound repair - scarring

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