In search of the best candidate for regeneration of ischemic tissues

Costanza Emanueli; Majlinda Lako; Miodrag Stojkovic; Paolo Madeddu

doi:10.1160/TH05-04-0233

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2005; 94(04): 738-749
DOI: 10.1160/TH05-04-0233

Theme Issue Article

Schattauer GmbH

In search of the best candidate for regeneration of ischemic tissues

Are embryonic/fetal stem cells more advantageous than adult counterparts?

Costanza Emanueli

¹Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

⁴Molecular and Cellular Medicine, INBB Interuniversity Consortium, Osilo, Italy

,

Majlinda Lako

²Centre for Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

,

Miodrag Stojkovic

²Centre for Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

,

Paolo Madeddu

¹Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK

³Experimental Medicine and Gene Therapy, Osilo, Italy

⁵Multimedica Research Institute, Milan, Italy

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

Human stem cells and progenitor cells from the bone marrow have been proposed for the regeneration of ischemic cardiac tissues. Early clinical trials indicate that infusion of autologous bone-marrow cells into the infarcted heart enhances ventricular function, albeit the long-term benefit remains to be ascertained. Alternatively, angiogenic growth factors could be used to stimulate the recruitment of vascular progenitor cells into tissues in need of regeneration. Unfortunately, in atherosclerotic patients, the curative potential of autologous stem cells might be impoverished by underlying disease and associated risk factors. Thus, research is focusing on the use of embryonic stem cells which are capable of unlimited self-renewal and have the potential to give rise to all tissue types in the body. Ethical problems and technical hurdles may limit the immediate application of embryonic stem cells. In the meanwhile, fetal hematopoietic stem cells, which have been routinely used to reconstitute the hematopoietic system in man, could represent an alternative, owing to their juvenile phenotype and ability to differentiate into vascular endothelial, muscular, and neuronal cell lineages. With progresses in stem cell expansion, the blood of a single cord could be sufficient to transplant an adult. These observations raise the exciting possibility of using fetal cells as a new way to speed up the healing of damaged tissues.

This study was partially supported by the Italian Health Institute (Stem Cell Program).

Keywords

Angiogenesis - vasculogenesis - ischaemic heart disease - fetal progenitor cells - nuclear transfer

Full Text

References

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