Diversity and impact of rare variants in genes encoding the platelet G protein-coupled receptors

Matthew L. Jones; Jane E. Norman; Neil V. Morgan; Stuart J. Mundell; Marie Lordkipanidzé; Gillian C. Lowe; Martina E. Daly; Michael A. Simpson; Sian Drake; Steve P. Watson; Andrew D. Mumford

doi:10.1160/TH14-08-0679

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2015; 113(04): 826-837
DOI: 10.1160/TH14-08-0679

Cellular Haemostasis and Platelets

Schattauer GmbH

Diversity and impact of rare variants in genes encoding the platelet G protein-coupled receptors

Authors

Matthew L. Jones

¹School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Level 7 Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK
Jane E. Norman

¹School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Level 7 Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK
Neil V. Morgan

³Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Stuart J. Mundell

³Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Marie Lordkipanidzé

⁴4Centre de recherche de l’Institut de cardiologie de Montréal, and Faculté de pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
Gillian C. Lowe

²School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Martina E. Daly

⁵Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
Michael A. Simpson

⁶Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College, London, UK
Sian Drake

²School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Steve P. Watson

²School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Andrew D. Mumford

¹School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Level 7 Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK

Abstract

Summary

Platelet responses to activating agonists are influenced by common population variants within or near G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) genes that affect receptor activity. However, the impact of rare GPCR gene variants is unknown. We describe the rare single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the coding and splice regions of 18 GPCR genes in 7,595 exomes from the 1,000-genomes and Exome Sequencing Project databases and in 31 cases with inherited platelet function disorders (IPFDs). In the population databases, the GPCR gene target regions contained 740 SNVs (318 synonymous, 410 missense, 7 stop gain and 6 splice region) of which 70 % had global minor allele frequency (MAF) < 0.05 %. Functional annotation using six computational algorithms, experimental evidence and structural data identified 156/740 (21 %) SNVs as potentially damaging to GPCR function, most commonly in regions encoding the transmembrane and C-terminal intracellular receptor domains. In 31 index cases with IPFDs (Gi-pathway defect n=15; secretion defect n=11; thromboxane pathway defect n=3 and complex defect n=2) there were 256 SNVs in the target regions of 15 stimulatory platelet GPCRs (34 unique; 12 with MAF< 1 % and 22 with MAF≥ 1 %). These included rare variants predicting R122H, P258T and V207A substitutions in the P2Y₁₂ receptor that were annotated as potentially damaging, but only partially explained the platelet function defects in each case. Our data highlight that potentially damaging variants in platelet GPCR genes have low individual frequencies, but are collectively abundant in the population. Potentially damaging variants are also present in pedigrees with IPFDs and may contribute to complex laboratory phenotypes.

Keywords

Receptors - G-protein-coupled - genetic variation - blood platelets - blood platelet disorders

Full Text

References

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