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Thromb Haemost 2018; 118(02): 288-297
DOI: 10.1160/TH17-10-0729
Coagulation and Fibrinolysis
Schattauer GmbH Stuttgart

Beneficial Effects of High-Density Lipoproteins on Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome in Aortic Valve Stenosis

C. Gebhard   *
,
F. Maafi
,
B. E. Stähli
,
A. Bonnefoy
,
C. E. Gebhard
,
W. Nachar
,
A. Benjamim de Oliveira Moraes
,
M. Mecteau
,
T. Mihalache-Avram
,
V. Lavoie
,
A. E. Kernaleguen
,
Y. Shi
,
D. Busseuil
,
M. Chabot-Blanchet
,
L. P. Perrault
,
D. Rhainds
,
E. Rhéaume
,
J. C. Tardif
 Funding This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF, grants P3SMP3_151740/1142741 to B.E.S. and C.G.), the Novartis Foundation for Medical-Biological Research, Switzerland (to B.E.S. and C.G.) and the Gottfried und Julia Bangerter-Rhyner Foundation, Switzerland (to B.E.S.). Dr. Tardif holds the Canada Research Chair in translational and personalized medicine and the Pfizer-endowed research chair in atherosclerosis at the Université de Montréal.
Further Information

Publication History

16 October 2017

09 November 2017

Publication Date:
29 January 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Background Infusions of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), the major protein component of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), result in aortic valve stenosis (AVS) regression in experimental models. Severe AVS can be complicated by acquired von Willebrand syndrome, a haemorrhagic disorder associated with loss of high-molecular-weight von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers (HMWM), the latter being a consequence of increased shear stress and enhanced vWF-cleaving protease (ADAMTS-13) activity. Although antithrombotic actions of HDL have been described, its effects on ADAMTS-13 and vWF in AVS are unknown.

Methods and Results We assessed ADAMTS-13 activity in plasma derived from a rabbit model of AVS (n = 29) as well as in plasma collected from 64 patients with severe AVS (age 65.0 ± 10.4 years, 44 males) undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR). In both human and rabbit AVS plasma, ADAMTS-13 activity was higher than that in controls (p < 0.05). Accordingly, AVS patients had less HMWM than controls (66.3 ± 27.2% vs. 97.2 ± 24.1%, p < 0.0001). Both ADAMTS-13 activity and HMWM correlated significantly with aortic transvalvular gradients, thereby showing opposing correlations (r = 0.3, p = 0.018 and r = −0.4, p = 0.003, respectively). Administration of an apoA-I mimetic peptide reduced ADAMTS-13 activity in AVS rabbits as compared with the placebo group (2.0 ± 0.5 RFU/sec vs. 3.8 ± 0.4 RFU/sec, p < 0.05). Similarly, a negative correlation was found between ADAMTS-13 activity and HDL cholesterol levels in patients with AVS (r = −0.3, p = 0.045).

Conclusion Our data indicate that HDL levels are associated with reduced ADAMTS-13 activity and increased HMWM. HDL-based therapies may reduce the haematologic abnormalities of the acquired von Willebrand syndrome in AVS.

Keywords

coagulation - high-density lipoproteins - aortic valve stenosis

* These authors contributed equally to this article.


 

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