Comparison of static and dynamic balance measurements among chronic and episodic migraine patients

ABSTRACT

Background: Migraine is one of the most frequent and incapacitating headaches, with a high degree of impairment of balance control and postural stability. Objective: To investigate the effects of episodic and chronic migraine on postural balance through using static and dynamic balance tests. Methods: The study included 32 chronic and 36 episodic migraine patients and a control group of 36 healthy volunteers. Right/left single-leg static and dynamic balance tests were performed in each group with eyes open and closed using a posturographic balance platform (Techno-body Prokin). Results: No significant difference was found among episodic and chronic migraine patients and control subjects with regard to eyes-open and eyes-closed area values (eyes-open area values: p=0.559, p=0.414 and p=0.906; eyes-closed area values: p=0.740, p=0.241 and p=0.093, respectively). However, the area values were significantly higher in episodic and chronic migraine patients than in the control group, which indicates that migraine patients may have lower balance performance. Perimeter values were relatively higher which supports the idea that migraine patients have lower balance performance. Additionally, the average number of laps was significantly lower among migraine patients than in the control group, which also implies that migraine patients may have lower balance performance. Conclusion: Although no significant difference was detected between chronic and episodic migraine patients and the control group and between chronic and episodic migraine patients with regard to balance performance, chronic migraine patients seemed to have relatively lower performance than episodic migraine patients. Further studies with larger numbers of patients are needed, to investigate the relationship between these parameters and balance.

RESUMO

Introdução: A enxaqueca é uma das dores de cabeça mais frequentes e incapacitantes, com alto grau de comprometimento do controle do equilíbrio e estabilidade postural. Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos da enxaqueca episódica e crônica no equilíbrio postural por meio de testes de equilíbrio estático e dinâmico. Métodos: O estudo incluiu 32 pacientes com enxaqueca crônica e 36 com enxaqueca episódica e um grupo controle de 36 voluntários saudáveis. Os testes de equilíbrio estático e dinâmico unipodal direito/esquerdo foram realizados em cada grupo, com os olhos abertos e fechados, por meio de uma plataforma de equilíbrio posturográfico (Techno-body Prokin). Resultados: Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada entre pacientes com enxaqueca episódica e crônica e indivíduos controle em relação aos valores da área de olhos abertos e olhos fechados (valores de área de olhos abertos: p=0,559, p=0,414 e p=0,906; valores de área de olhos fechados: p=0,740, p=0,241 e p=0,093, respectivamente). No entanto, os valores de área foram significativamente maiores em pacientes com enxaqueca episódica e crônica do que no grupo controle, o que indica que pacientes com enxaqueca podem ter desempenho de equilíbrio inferior. Os valores do perímetro foram relativamente mais altos, o que sustenta a hipótese de que os pacientes com enxaqueca apresentam desempenho de equilíbrio inferior. Além disso, o número médio de voltas foi significativamente menor entre os pacientes com enxaqueca do que no grupo controle, o que também implica que os pacientes com enxaqueca possam ter um desempenho de equilíbrio inferior. Conclusão: Embora nenhuma diferença significativa tenha sido detectada entre os pacientes com enxaqueca crônica e episódica e o grupo controle e entre os pacientes com enxaqueca crônica e episódica no que diz respeito ao desempenho do equilíbrio, os pacientes com enxaqueca crônica parecem ter um desempenho relativamente inferior do que os pacientes com enxaqueca episódica. Outros estudos com maior número de pacientes são necessários para investigar a relação entre esses parâmetros e o equilíbrio.

Keywords:

Migraine Headaches - Posture Balance - Postural Control

Palavras-chave:

Transtornos de Enxaqueca - Equilíbrio Postural - Controle da Postura

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