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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2021; 79(10): 904-911
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2020-0433
Article

Development and validation of the sleep assessment instrument for older adults with pain

Desenvolvimento e validação do instrumento de avaliação de sono para idosos com dor
Márcia Valéria de Andrade Santana 
1   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Geriatria e Gerontologia, Serviço de Doenças Musculoesquelentas, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
,
Ricardo Humberto Félix 
1   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Geriatria e Gerontologia, Serviço de Doenças Musculoesquelentas, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
,
Ana Laura de Figueiredo Bersani 
1   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Geriatria e Gerontologia, Serviço de Doenças Musculoesquelentas, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
,
Cristina Frange 
2   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
,
Fernando Morgadinho Santos Coelho 
2   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
,
Osvladir Custódio 
3   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psiquiatria, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
,
Fania Cristina Santos 
1   Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Geriatria e Gerontologia, Serviço de Doenças Musculoesquelentas, São Paulo SP, Brazil.
› Author AffiliationsCristina Frange receives of a grant from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP #2018/18952-1). The sponsor had no role in the design or conduct of this research.
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Abstract

Background: The co-occurrence of chronic pain and sleep disturbance contribute to a significant functional and social impact in older adults. However, there are no validated instruments to measure sleep disturbance and pain in this population that could be used to screen or diagnose individuals or monitor treatment effectiveness. Objective: Our aim was to develop and validate a brief, practical, and comprehensive tool to assess the impact of co-occurring pain and sleep disturbance in older adults. Methods: Development and validation of a measurement tool for assessing pain and sleep in older adults consisting of seven items. Results: We applied the “Sleep Assessment Instrument for Pain in older adults” (SAIOAP) in a sample of 100 older individuals. A Cronbach’s alpha of 0.602 indicated a moderate level of reliability, and item-total correlations of ≥0.4 for all items indicated good homogeneity. There were statistically significant correlations between the SAIOAP and sleep quality (PSQI, r=61.5), pain intensity (VNS, r=30.5), the multidimensional impacts of pain (GPM, r=40.5), depression (GEAP, r=45.5), comorbidity (r=27.9), and medication use (r=30.4). A ROC curve indicated a sensitivity of 73.2% and a specificity of 79.1% in relation to the prediction of sleep disturbances associated with pain in older adults. Conclusions: The SAIOAP presented adequate metric properties and was demonstrated to be a simple and practical tool for the assessment of the impact of pain on sleep in older adults.

RESUMO

Introdução: A co-ocorrência de dor crônica e de distúrbios do sono contribuem para um impacto funcional e social negativo em idosos. Porém, o binômio dor-sono não foi explorado em relação a questionários para idosos, a fim de auxiliar na triagem, no diagnóstico ou no monitoramento da eficácia do tratamento médico. Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar um instrumento breve, prático e abrangente para avaliar a concorrência de condições álgicas crônicas e distúrbios de sono em idosos. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e qualitativo de metodologia de desenvolvimento e validação de instrumento de medida para avaliação de dor e sono em idosos, composto por sete itens. Após a fundamentação teórica, desenvolveram-se os itens do instrumento, seguidos de um estudo quantitativo (validação), em que testamos pacientes idosos com dor crônica. Resultados: Aplicou-se o Instrumento de Avaliação de Sono para Dor em Idosos (IASID) a uma amostra de 100 idosos. Alcançou-se o alfa de Cronbach (0,602) de boa homogeneidade por correlação item-total (≥0,4). Encontramos correlações estatisticamente significativas entre o IASID e a qualidade do sono (PSQI, r=61,5%); a intensidade da dor (NVS, r=30,5%); seus impactos (GPM, r=40,5); depressão (GEAP, r=45,5%); comorbidades (r=27,9) e uso de medicamentos (r=30,4). A curva ROC apontou sensibilidade de 73,2% e especificidade de 79,1% para predição de distúrbios do sono associados à dor crônica em idosos. Conclusões: O IASID apresentou propriedades métricas adequadas e demonstrou ser uma ferramenta simples e prática para a avaliação do impacto da dor no sono em idosos.

Keywords:

Sleep - Pain - Aged - Surveys and Questionnaires - Health Impact Assessment

Palavras-chave:

Sono - Dor - Idoso - Inquéritos e Questionários - Avaliação do Impacto na Saúde

Authors’ contributions:

FCS: conception or design of the study; MVAS, RHF, ALFB: data collection; MVAS, RHF, ALFB, FCS: data analysis and interpretation; MVAS, RHF, ALFB, CF, FCS: drafting the article; CF, FMSC, OC, FCS: critical revision of the article. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript for publication.


Support:

Cristina Frange receives of a grant from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP #2018/18952-1). The sponsor had no role in the design or conduct of this research.




Publication History

Received: 23 September 2020

Accepted: 13 December 2020

Article published online:
07 June 2023

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