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CC BY 4.0 · Brazilian Journal of Oncology 2017; 13(45): e-BJO20171345A133
DOI: 10.26790/BJO20171345A133
Revisão

Low rectal cancer: current approach based on magnetic resonance imaging

Câncer de reto inferior: abordagem atual baseada na ressonância magnética
Marcus Valadão
1   Instituto Nacional de Cancer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Eduardo R.Z. Câmara
1   Instituto Nacional de Cancer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Rodrigo Araújo
1   Instituto Nacional de Cancer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
José Paulo Jesus
1   Instituto Nacional de Cancer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Eduardo Linhares
1   Instituto Nacional de Cancer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
,
Claudia Carrada
1   Instituto Nacional de Cancer José Alencar Gomes da Silva - INCA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Financial support: For the accomplishment of this work there was no aid or financial resources.
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ABSTRACT

The complex anatomy surrounding lower rectal cancer, as well as its aggressive biological behavior, creates surgical challenges. Furthermore, patients with lower rectal cancer have a poorer prognosis, compared to tumors in the middle and upper rectum. Thus, it is essential to adopt new strategies to optimize the results of surgical treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging has become a crucial tool for successfully selecting and completing surgery, as it provides a high anatomical resolution and the ability to define the tumor’s relationship with the sphincter complex. New surgical techniques based on magnetic resonance imaging can also improve patients’ oncological and functional outcomes. This review examines the modern approach to treating lower rectal cancer, and aims to simplify the complex decisions that surgery currently requires. The PubMed database was searched using the terms “lower rectal cancer”, “colorectal surgery”, and “magnetic resonance imaging”. Milestone reports from recent years have been addressed in this review.

RESUMO

O câncer do reto inferior representa um desafio ao cirurgião, principalmente relacionada a complexidade anatômica e cirúrgica dessa região, além da questão biológica, visto que pacientes portadores de câncer do reto inferior apresentam pior resultado oncológico quando comparados aos tumores de reto médio e superior. Nesse contexto, torna-se fundamental a adoção de novas estratégias que visem a otimizar os resultados do seu tratamento. Nesse sentido, devido a alta resolução anatômica e a capacidade de definir a relação do tumor com o complexo esfincteriano, a ressonância magnética (RM) tornou-se ferramenta crucial para a escolha e sucesso da cirurgia. Além disso, novas técnicas cirúrgicas com base nas informações da ressonância tem propiciado melhores resultados oncológicos e funcionais para esses pacientes. O presente artigo revisa a abordagem moderna do câncer de reto inferior e tem o intuito de tornar mais simples a complexa decisão de como tratar cirurgicamente nos dias atuais esse tumor. Esse trabalho foi realizado com base na pesquisa no pubmed utilizando os termos “low rectal cancer”, “colorectal surgery”, magnetic ressonance imaging”. Os artigos considerados importantes marcos nesse assunto nos últimos anos foram abordados.

Keywords:

Rectal neoplasms/surgery - Colorectal surgery - Colorectal neoplasms - Magnetic resonance imaging

Descritores:

Neoplasias retais/cirurgia - Cirurgia colorretal - Neoplasias colorretal - Imagem por ressonância magnética


Publication History

Received: 30 July 2017

Accepted: 06 September 2017

Article published online:
25 February 2025

© 2017. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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Bibliographical Record
Marcus Valadão, Eduardo R.Z. Câmara, Rodrigo Araújo, José Paulo Jesus, Eduardo Linhares, Claudia Carrada. Low rectal cancer: current approach based on magnetic resonance imaging. Brazilian Journal of Oncology 2017; 13: e-BJO20171345A133.
DOI: 10.26790/BJO20171345A133
 

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