Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Lab Physicians 2011; 3(02): 089-092
DOI: 10.4103/0974-2727.86840
Original Article

Inducible Clindamycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Nursing and Pharmacy Students

Renushri,
Avinandan Saha
Department of Microbiology, Sri Siddharta Medical College, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
,
Nagaraj,
Veena Krishnamurthy
Department of Microbiology, Sri Siddharta Medical College, Tumkur, Karnataka, India
› Author Affiliations
Source of Support: Nil
› Further Information
Also available at
 PDF Download Permissions and Reprints

ABSTRACT

Aims: Emergence of resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has resulted in failure of clindamycin therapy. The prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance in S. aureus isolated from nursing students and pharmacy students (representing carriers exposed and not exposed to hospital environment respectively) was evaluated.

Materials and Methods: Nasal, throat, and palmar swabs were collected from 119 nursing students and 100 pharmacy students. S. aureus was identified and antibiogram obtained by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Inducible clindamycin resistance was detected by the D-test.

Results: 36 and 34 individuals in the exposed and non-exposed groups respectively were carriers of S. aureus. 16.7% and 5.9% isolates showed inducible clindamycin resistance in exposed and non-exposed groups, respectively. The percentage of inducible clindamycin resistance was higher among methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) (27.8%) compared to methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (5.8%).

Conclusion: S. aureus isolates resistant to β-lactams can also show inducible clindamycin resistance. Exposure to hospital environment was not found to be a risk factor for carriage of S. aureus with MLSBi phenotype.

Keywords

Inducible clindamycin resistance - MLSBi phenotype - MRSA - S. aureus carriers


Publication History

Article published online:
09 May 2020

© 2011.

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd.
A-12, Second Floor, Sector -2, NOIDA -201301, India

 

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Lowy FD. Antimicrobial resistance: the example of Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Invest 2003;111:1265-73.
  • 2 Fiebelkorn KR, Crawford SA, McElmeel ML, Jorgensen JH. Practical disk diffusion method for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol 2003;41:4740-4.
  • 3 Angel MR, Balaji V, Prakash J, Brahmadathan KN, Mathews MS. Prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance in gram positive organisms in a tertiary care centre. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008;26:262-4.
  • 4 Schreckenberger PC, Ilendo E, Ristow KL. Incidence of constitutive and inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci in a community and a tertiary care hospital. J Clin Microbiol 2004;42:2777-9.
  • 5 Deotale V, Mendiratta DK, Raut U, Narang P. Inducible clindamycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical samples. Indian J Med Microbiol 2010;28:124-6.
  • 6 Yilmaz G, Aydin K, Iskender S, Caylan R, Koksal I. Detection and prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance in staphylococci. J Med Microbiol 2007;56:342-5.
  • 7 Lowy FD. Staphylococcus aureus infections. N Engl J Med 1998;339:520-32.
  • 8 Mulligan ME, Murray-Leisure KA, Ribner BS, Standiford HC, John JF, Korvick JA, et al. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a consensus review of the microbiology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology with implications for prevention and management. Am J Med 1993;94:313-28.
  • 9 Kluytmans-VandenBergh MF, Kluytmans JA. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: current perspectives. Clin Microbiol Infect 2006;12 Suppl 1:9-15.
  • 10 Forbes BA, Sahm DF, Weissfeld AS, editors. Bailey and Scott′s diagnostic microbiology. 12th ed. St. Louis, USA: Mosby Elsevier; 2007.
  • 11 Winn WC Jr, Koneman EW, Allen SD, Procop GW, Janda WM, Schreckenberger PC, et al, editors. Koneman′s color atlas and textbook of diagnostic microbiology. 6th ed. Baltimore (USA): Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2006.
  • 12 Baird D. Staphylococcus: cluster-forming Gram-positive cocci. In: Collee JG, Marmion BP, Fraser AG, Simmons A, editors. Mackie and McCartney practical medical microbiology. 14th ed. New Delhi: Elsevier; 2006. p. 255.
  • 13 Clinical and laboratory standards institute. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; seventeenth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S17. Wayne Pa: CLSI; 2007.
  • 14 Swenson JM, Patel JB, Jorgensen JH. Special phenotypic methods for detecting antibacterial resistance. In: Murray PR, Baron EJ, Landry ML, Jorgensen JH, Pfaller MA, editors. Manual of clinical microbiology. 9th ed. Washington, DC: ASM Press; 2007. p. 1175-6.
  • 15 Ciraj AM, Vinod P, Sreejith G, Rajani K. Inducible clindamycin resistance among clinical isolates of staphylococci. Indian J Path Microbiol 2009;52:49-51.
  • 16 Patel M, Waites KB, Moser SA, Cloud GA, Hoesley CJ. Prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance among community and hospital-associated Staphylococcus aureus isolates. J Clin Microbiol 2006;44:2481-4.