Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2016; 10(04): 551-555
DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.195159
Original Article
Dental Investigation Society

Effectiveness of behavioral modification techniques with visual distraction using intrasulcular local anesthesia in hearing disabled children during pulp therapy

Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin
1   Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
,
Mehmet Omer Gorduysus
1   Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
2   Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye
,
Hisham El Batawi
1   Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
24 September 2019 (online)

Also available at
  PDF Download Permissions and Reprints

ABSTRACT

Objective: Assessing the effectiveness of behavioral modification techniques in combination with visual distraction with/ without video eyewear using computerized delivery system-intrasulcular (CDS-IS) during the application of local anesthetic in hearing-impaired pediatric patients undergoing pulp therapy of primary molars. Materials and Methods: This randomized, crossover clinical study includes 15 children (7 boys and 8 girls), mean age was 6.1 years. Children were randomly distributed into two groups (Group A, n = 7; Group B, n = 8). The study involved three sessions, 1-week apart. During Session I, employing Tell-Show-Do technique, prophylactic dental cleaning was done while participants were watching a movie with sign-language interpretation with/without visual eyewear. At the end of Session I, score on Smiley Faces Program was used for anxiety assessment. During Session II and III, respectively, both groups underwent pulp treatment of equivalent teeth in the opposite sides of the mouth with/without video eyewear vice versa. After the procedure, children were instructed to rate their pain during treatment on the Wong-Bakers’ (WBs’) Faces Pain Scale. Changes in pulse oximeter and heart rate were recorded every 5 min. Paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test were used to assess the significance of changes during each visit. Results: There was a significant (P > 0.04) change in the heart rate observed for Group A underwent pulp treatment while watching video using video eyewear. Self-reported mean pain score also increases during treatment sessions’ with video eyewear, for both groups. Conclusion: Routine psychological (Tell-Show-Do) intervention along with visual distraction with full visibility of the surrounding and use of CDS-IS system for anesthetic delivery is recommended as an effective behavior management technique for children with hearing impairment undergoing invasive dental treatment.

Key words:

Computerized delivery system-intrasulcular - hearing disability - pulp therapy - visual distraction eyewear
 

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Champion J, Holt R. Dental care for children and young people who have a hearing impairment. Br Dent J 2000; 189: 155-9
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 Samnien P. Dental cares for patients who have a hearing impairment. Int J Clin Prev Dent 2014; 10: 215-8
    CrossrefSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Arntz A, van Eck M, Heijmans M. Predictions of dental pain: The fear of any expected evil, is worse than the evil itself. Behav Res Ther 1990; 28: 29-41
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Ince B, Ercan E, Dalli M, Dulgergil CT, Zorba YO, Colak H. Incidence of postoperative pain after single- and multi-visit endodontic treatment in teeth with vital and non-vital pulp. Eur J Dent 2009; 3: 273-9
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Pinkham JR, Casamassimo PS, McTigue DJ, Fields Jr. HW, Nowak AJ. Pediatric Dentistry: Infancy Through Adolescence. 4th ed.. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2005
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 6 Wismeijer AA, Vingerhoets AJ. The use of virtual reality and audiovisual eyeglass systems as adjunct analgesic techniques: A review of the literature. Ann Behav Med 2005; 30: 268-78
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 7 Sullivan C, Schneider PE, Musselman RJ, Dummett Jr. CO, Gardiner D. The effect of virtual reality during dental treatment on child anxiety and behavior. ASDC J Dent Child 2000; 67: 193-6 160-1
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 Bellieni CV, Cordelli DM, Raffaelli M, Ricci B, Morgese G, Buonocore G. Analgesic effect of watching TV during venipuncture. Arch Dis Child 2006; 91: 1015-7
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Hoffman HG, Doctor JN, Patterson DR, Carrougher GJ, Furness 3rd TA. Virtual reality as an adjunctive pain control during burn wound care in adolescent patients. Pain 2000; 85: 305-9
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Cassidy KL, Reid GJ, McGrath PJ, Finley GA, Smith DJ, Morley C. et al. Watch needle, watch TV: Audiovisual distraction in preschool immunization. Pain Med 2002; 3: 108-18
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Allen KD, Kotil D, Larzelere RE, Hutfless S, Beiraghi S. Comparison of a computerized anesthesia device with a traditional syringe in preschool children. Pediatr Dent 2002; 24: 315-20
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 Gibson RS, Allen K, Hutfless S, Beiraghi S. The wand vs. traditional injection: A comparison of pain related behaviors. Pediatr Dent 2000; 22: 458-62
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 H. Buchanan. Development of a computerized dental anxiety scale for children: validation and reliability. Brit Dent J 2005; 199;: 359-362
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 Hockenberry MJ, Wilson D, Winkelstein ML. Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing. 7th ed.. St. Louis: Mosby/Elsevier; 2005: 1259
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 15 Brownstein MP. Dental care for the deaf child. Dent Clin North Am 1974; 18: 643-50
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Cameron AC, Widmer RP. Medically compromised children, Handbook of Pediatric Dentistry. 2nd ed.. Mosby, an affiliate of Elsevier Science; 2003
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 17 Fakhruddin KS, El Batawi HY, Gorduysus MO. Effectiveness of audiovisual distraction eyewear and computerized delivery of anesthesia during pulp therapy of primary molars in phobic child patients. Eur J Dent 2015; 9: 470-5
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Jones CM, Heidmann J, Gerrish AC. Children's ratings of dental injection and treatment pain, and the influence of the time taken to administer the injection. Int J Paediatr Dent 1995; 5: 81-5
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 19 Oztas N, Ulusu T, Bodur H, Dogan C. The wand in pulp therapy: An alternative to inferior alveolar nerve block. Quintessence Int 2005; 36: 559-64
    PubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 20 Malamed SF. Sedation: A Guide to Patient Management. 4th ed.. St. Louis, MO: CV Mosby Co.; 2003: 337
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 21 Ashkenazi M, Blumer S, Eli I. Effectiveness of computerized delivery of intrasulcular anesthetic in primary molars. J Am Dent Assoc 2005; 136: 1418-25
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar