Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Lab Physicians 2018; 10(04): 443-447
DOI: 10.4103/JLP.JLP_13_18
Original Article

Coinfection of chikungunya and dengue viruses: A serological study from North Western region of Punjab, India

Maninder Kaur
Department of Microbiology, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India
,
Kanwardeep Singh
Department of Microbiology, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India
,
Shailpreet K Sidhu
Department of Microbiology, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India
,
Pushpa Devi
Department of Microbiology, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India
,
Manpreet Kaur
Virology Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India
,
Sapna Soneja
Department of Microbiology, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India
,
Nacchartarjit Singh
Virology Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India
› Author Affiliations Financial support and sponsorship Financial support was provided by Department of Health Research (DHR), Ministry of Health and family Welfare and ICMR under Viral Research and diagnostic laboratory Project.
› Further Information
  PDF Download Permissions and Reprints

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Dengue and chikungunya (CHIK) infections appear to be increasing in all parts of India. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are common vectors for dengue virus (DENV) and CHIK virus (CHIKV). In areas where both viruses cocirculate, they can be transmitted together. There are very few studies discussing the dengue-chik coinfection from Punjab region of India. The present study was undertaken to study the clinical features of dengue–CHIK coinfection and compare with monoinfection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: IgM antibody capture (MAC) ELISA for dengue IgM and CHIK IgM and ELISA for nonstructural protein 1 antigen was performed on serum samples obtained from suspected patients.

RESULTS: Out of total 3160 samples from suspected patients for dengue infection, 2178 (68.92%) samples were positive for DENV while CHIK IgM antibodies were positive in 127 patients out of the total suspected 373 cases (34.04%). In addition to this, 283 samples were tested for both viruses, out of which 27 sera were positive (9.54%) for coinfection of dengue and CHIK. The comparison of signs and symptoms showed that the coinfected patients had fever in all cases while rash was seen in only 30% cases. Arthralgia (79%) and thrombocytopenia (77%) was seen in significant number of coinfected cases thus revealing overlapping nature of dengue–CHIK coinfection.

Conclusions: Increase in the number of Dengue and Chikungunya infections and their cocirculation is an important public health concern which warrants the implementation of strict control measures.

Keywords

Aedes aegypti - dual infection - ELISA - virology research and diagnostic laboratory


Publication History

Received: 27 January 2018

Accepted: 30 April 2018

Article published online:
20 February 2020

© 2018.

Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd.
A-12, Second Floor, Sector -2, NOIDA -201301, India

 

  • References

  • 1 Capinha C, Rocha J, Sousa CA. Macroclimate determines the global range limit of Aedes aegypti. Ecohealth 2014;11:420-8.
  • 2 Cecilia D. Current status of dengue and Chikungunya in India. WHO South East Asia J Public Health 2014;3:22-6.
  • 3 Rigau-Pérez JG, Clark GG, Gubler DJ, Reiter P, Sanders EJ, Vorndam AV, et al. Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Lancet 1998;352:971-7.
  • 4 Sarkar JK, Chatterjee SN, Chakravarty SK. Haemorrhagic fever in Calcutta: Some epidemiological observations. Indian J Med Res 1964;52:651-9.
  • 5 Chhabra M, Mittal V, Bhattacharya D, Rana U, Lal S. Chikungunya fever: A re-emerging viral infection. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008;26:5-12.
  • 6 Khan AH, Morita K, Parquet Md Mdel C, Hasebe F, Mathenge EG, Igarashi A, et al. Complete nucleotide sequence of chikungunya virus and evidence for an internal polyadenylation site. J Gen Virol 2002;83:3075-84.
  • 7 Chattopadhyay S, Mukherjee R, Nandi A, Bhattacharya N. Chikungunya virus infection in West Bengal, India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2016;34:213-5.
  • 8 Myers RM, Carey DE. Concurrent isolation from patient of two arboviruses, chikungunya and dengue type 2. Science 1967;157:1307-8.
  • 9 Mackenzie JS, Chua KB, Daniels PW, Eaton BT, Field HE, Hall RA, et al. Emerging viral diseases of Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific. Emerg Infect Dis 2001;7:497-504.
  • 10 Nayar SK, Noridah O, Paranthaman V, Ranjit K, Norizah I, Chem YK, et al. Co-infection of dengue virus and chikungunya virus in two patients with acute febrile illness. Med J Malaysia 2007;62:335-6.
  • 11 Chahar HS, Bharaj P, Dar L, Guleria R, Kabra SK, Broor S, et al. Co-infections with chikungunya virus and dengue virus in Delhi, India. Emerg Infect Dis 2009;15:1077-80.
  • 12 Taraphdar D, Sarkar A, Mukhopadhyay BB, Chatterjee S. A comparative study of clinical features between monotypic and dual infection cases with chikungunya virus and dengue virus in West Bengal, India. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012;86:720-3.
  • 13 Singh K, Sidhu SK, Devi P, Kaur M, Kaur M, Singh N, et al. Seroprevalence of common viral diseases: A hospital based study from Amritsar, India. J Clin Diagn Res 2016;10:DC15-9.
  • 14 Kalawat U, Sharma KK, Reddy SG. Prevalence of dengue and chickungunya fever and their co-infection. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2011;54:844-6.
  • 15 Omarjee R, Prat C, Flusin O, Boucau S, Tenebray B, Merle O, et al. Importance of case definition to monitor ongoing outbreak of chikungunya virus on a background of actively circulating dengue virus, St. Martin, December 2013 to January 2014. Euro Surveill 2014;19. pii: 20753.
  • 16 Lall H, Gupta P, Debbarma M, Sharma P, Ansari SK, Jais M, et al. Sero-prevalence of dengue in tertiary care hospital in Delhi. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 2016;5:439-45.
  • 17 Neeraja M, Lakshmi V, Teja VD, Umabala P, Subbalakshmi MV. Serodiagnosis of dengue virus infection in patients presenting to a tertiary care hospital. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006;24:280-2.
  • 18 Babaliche P, Doshi D. Catching dengue early: Clinical features and laboratory markers of dengue virus infection. J Assoc Physicians India 2015;63:38-41.
  • 19 Balasubramaniam SM, Krishnakumar J, Stephen T, Gaur R, Appavoo N. Prevalence of chikungunya in urban field practice area of a private medical college, Chennai. Indian J Community Med 2011;36:124-7.
  • 20 Dwibedi B, Sabat J, Mahapatra N, Kar SK, Kerketta AS, Hazra RK, et al. Rapid spread of chikungunya virus infection in Orissa: India. Indian J Med Res 2011;133:316-21.
  • 21 Chakravarti A, Arora R, Luxemburger C. Fifty years of dengue in India. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2012;106:273-82.
  • 22 Gill PS, Mittal S, Bala K, Chaudhary U. Recent trend of seroprevalence of dengue in Haryana. Int J Pharm Med Bio Sci 2013;2:44-51.
  • 23 Sood S. A hospital based serosurveillance study of dengue infection in Jaipur (Rajasthan), India. J Clin Diagn Res 2013;7:1917-20.
  • 24 Sandhya Bhat K, Sastry AS, Senthamarai S, Sivasankari S. Seroprevalence of dengue viral infection in patients attending to a tertiary care hospital in Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India. Int J Res Health Sci 2014;2:818-22.
  • 25 Londhey V, Agrawal S, Vaidya N, Kini S, Shastri JS, Sunil S, et al. Dengue and chikungunya virus co-infections: The inside story. J Assoc Physicians India 2016;64:36-40.