Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2017; 11(03): 293-298
DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_9_17
Original Article
European Journal of Dentistry

Assessment of anxiety, depression, and serum cortisol level in oral submucous fibrosis patients: A controlled clinical trial

Shubhra Kanodia
1   Department of Dentistry, Sri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Vishal Prakash Giri
2   Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Om Prakash Giri
3   Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Darbhanga Medical College, Darbhanga, Bihar, India
,
M. Parvathi Devi
4   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Shri Bankey Bihari Dental College and Research Centre, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Y. Garima
5   Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, India
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
25 September 2019 (online)

   Permissions and Reprints

ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the anxiety, depression, and serum cortisol level in OSMF patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Outpatient Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India. Age-and gender-matched 105 patients were divided into three equal groups as follows: Group 1 – those with areca nut chewing habits and OSMF, Group 2 – those with areca nut chewing habits but no OSMF, and Group 3– those without areca nut chewing habits and without OSMF. Anxiety and depression were assessed by the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, respectively. Serum cortisol level was also measured simultaneously. Statistical Analysis: Paired t-test, Chi-square test, and analysis of variance were used. Results: Fifty (47.62%) patients were observed to be in the age group of 25–32 years. Ninety-six (91.4%) patients were males and 9 (8.6%) were females. The mean serum cortisol level was observed to be higher among patients with OSMF-C followed by those with OSMF-D. Conclusion: We conclude that there is a significant association between OSMF, depression, and serum cortisol level.

Key words:

Anxiety - depression - oral submucous fibrosis - serum cortisol
 

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Gupta M, Mishra P, Shrivastava K, Singh N, Singh P. Oral submucosal fibrosis – Current concept of aetiology and its management. J Appl Dent Med Sci 2015; 1: 20-36
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Anand R, Dhingra C, Prasad S, Menon I. Betel nut chewing and its deleterious effects on oral cavity. J Cancer Res Ther 2014; 10: 499-505
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Sridevi U, Jain A, Nagalaxmi V, Kumar UV, Goyal S. Expression of E-cadherin in normal oral mucosa, in oral precancerous lesions and in oral carcinomas. Eur J Dent 2015; 9: 364-72
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Nigam NK, Aravinda K, Dhillon M, Gupta S, Reddy S, Srinivas Raju M. Prevalence of oral submucous fibrosis among habitual gutkha and areca nut chewers in Moradabad district. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2014; 4: 8-13
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Kiran Kumar K, Saraswathi TR, Ranganathan K, Uma Devi M, Elizabeth J. Oral submucous fibrosis: A clinico-histopathological study in Chennai. Indian J Dent Res 2007; 18: 106-11
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Ekanayaka RP, Tilakaratne WM. Oral submucous fibrosis: Review on mechanisms of malignant transformation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 122: 192-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Samadariya S, Kumar D, Kumar A, Powel P, Pareek P. Oral submucosal fibrosis – A short review. Int J Med Sci Public Health 2014; 3: 1308-12
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Choudhary R, Kumar P, Wander GS, Mishra BP, Sharma A. Psychiatric manifestations among cardiac patients: A hospital based study. Delhi Psychiatry J 2014; 17: 253-7
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Chaudhary SC, Nanda S, Tripathi A, Sawlani KK, Gupta KK, Himanshu D. et al. Prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Lung India 2016; 33: 174-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Ahmad J, Shoib S, Dar MM. Pschiatric morbidity in patients attending neurological outpatient department. Int J Med Sci Public Health 2013; 2: 951-3
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Jagawat T, Dhanda A, Gaur V. Psychiatric co-morbidities in dental out patients. Delhi Psychiatry J 2013; 16: 302-3
    Google Scholar
  • 12 Karia SB, De Sousa A, Shah N, Sonavane S, Bharati A. Psychiatric morbidity and quality of life in skin diseases: A comparison of alopecia areata and psoriasis. Ind Psychiatry J 2015; 24: 125-8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Mubeen K, Kumar CN, Puja R, Jigna VR, Chandrashekar H. Psychiatric morbidity among patients with oral sub-mucous fibrosis: A preliminary study. J Oral Pathol Med 2010; 39: 761-4
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Raja JV, Rai P, Kumar NC, Khan M, Chandrashekar H. Psychiatric morbidity among patients with oral submucous fibrosis: A controlled study. Oral Health Dent Manag 2013; 12: 85-94
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Arjun TN, Sudhir H, Sahu RN, Saxena V, Saxena E, Jain S. Assessment of oral mucosal lesions among psychiatric inmates residing in central jail, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India: A cross-sectional survey. Indian J Psychiatry 2014; 56: 265-70
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar