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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci 2022; 15(S 02): 361-368
DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20210012
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

A study of flotation-REST (restricted environmental stimulation therapy) as an insomnia treatment

Annika Norell-Clarke
1   Karlstad University, Department of Social and Psychological Studies - Karlstad - Värmland - Sweden.
2   Karlstad University, Centre for Research on Child and Adolescent Mental Health - Karlstad - Värmland - Sweden.
,
Kristoffer Jonsson
1   Karlstad University, Department of Social and Psychological Studies - Karlstad - Värmland - Sweden.
,
Annecharlotte Blomquist
1   Karlstad University, Department of Social and Psychological Studies - Karlstad - Värmland - Sweden.
,
Rolf Ahlzén
2   Karlstad University, Centre for Research on Child and Adolescent Mental Health - Karlstad - Värmland - Sweden.
,
Anette Kjellgren
1   Karlstad University, Department of Social and Psychological Studies - Karlstad - Värmland - Sweden.
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ABSTRACT

Objectives: Flotation-REST is a treatment for deep relaxation, where a person is contained in a stimuli-restricted environment and floats in water with high salt content. The aim was to investigate the effects from flotation-REST on people with insomnia diagnosis, as previous studies of flotation-REST have demonstrated some effects on sleep but have limitations regarding sample selections and sleep measures.

Material and Methods: Six participants were recruited through an outpatient psychiatry clinic and posters on a university campus. All participants fulfilled criteria for insomnia diagnosis and four fulfilled criteria for major depressive disorder. Using a single case experimental design, daily changes were investigated on sleep logs regarding sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), total sleep time (TST), and sleep efficiency over the course of 12 sessions consisting of 45 min of flotation-REST. No other treatments were offered simultaneously. Questionnaire data on insomnia severity (the ISI) and depressive severity (the MADRS) were also collected.

Results: Three participants improved on their most salient insomnia symptom (long SOL or WASO), and two improved on sleep efficiency. The improvements were maintained 2 months after treatment. Insomnia severity decreased for three patients, whereas depressive severity decreased for five. No changes in TST were found and two patients did not improve on any sleep measure. The two participants who benefitted the most were students in their 20s.

Discussion: The results were mixed. Flotation-REST may be beneficial for young adults with sleep-onset insomnia but more research is warranted.

Keywords:

Flotation Therapy - Insomnia - Multiple Baseline - Relaxation - Sensory Deprivation - Sleep

Funding source

This research did not receive grants from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The flotation tanks are owned by the University and have been used for independent non-commercial health-related research since 1998.




Publication History

Received: 13 October 2020

Accepted: 16 April 2021

Article published online:
01 December 2023

© 2023. Brazilian Sleep Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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