Abdominelle Notfallsonografie in der Intensiv- und Akutmedizin

Zusammenfassung

Die sonografischen Untersuchungstechniken unterstützen die Point-of-Care-Diagnostik (POC-Diagnostik) bei akutmedizinischen Fragestellungen. Für den Intensiv- und Notfallmediziner gilt: Kenntnisse und Fertigkeiten einer fokussierten Sonografie sind unabdingbar. Dieser Artikel beleuchtet die Optionen der abdominellen Notfallsonografie und gibt praktische Hilfestellung.

Abstract

The rising impact of perioperative sonography is mainly based on mobile high quality ultrasound systems. Relevant bleedings or functional limitations of the abdomen are easy to identify with sonography. The FAST-Concept can be the first access to continue proceedings in ultrasound examination of the abdomen. This paper demonstrates some important ultrasound examinations of the abdomen. The clinical main issues are traumatic and atraumatic bleedings of heart, liver and spleen with haemodynamic instability and functional limitations of abdominal organs like bile cystitis, gastrointestinal passage disability and obstructive uropathy. Just outside of the normal working time the ultrasound experts are often not promptly available. The demonstrated techniques allow in acute medicine to make a diagnosis and to decide fast in critical situations. Perspective in view of the many benefits and possibilities, point-of-care ultrasound will be a high-ranking skill in the field of anaesthesia, emergency medicine or intensive care.

Schlüsselwörter

Point-of-Care-Sonografie - FAST-Konzept (Focused Assessment Sonography in Trauma) - Notfallsonografie gastrointestinaler Motilitätsstörungen - Notfallsonografie von Harnwegsobstruktionen

Key words

Point-of-care ultrasound - FAST (focused assessment sonography in Trauma) - gastrointestinal passage ultrasound - obstructive uropathy ultrasound

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