Lungenultraschall in der Neonatologie zur Diagnostik eines Pneumothorax (Teil 2): Eine Praxisanleitung

Zusammenfassung

Der Lungenultraschall bietet eine rasche und zuverlässige Diagnostik zum Ausschluss eines Pneumothorax. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird der Untersuchungsablauf einer Lungenultraschalluntersuchung in der Neonatologie beschrieben. In diesem Zusammenhang ist das Verständnis und die Deutung wichtiger Artefakte und Muster, wie dem Pleuragleiten, A- und B-Linien sowie dem Lungenpunkt essenziell. Mithilfe dieser Untersuchungsbefunde lassen sich Rule-in- und Rule-out-Kriterien in der Pneumothoraxdiagnostik beschreiben. Der Lungenultraschall kann somit einen Beitrag zur Strahlenreduktion in der Neonatologie leisten.

Abstract

Lung ultrasound is a fast and reliable diagnostic tool in the detection of a neonatal pneumothorax. This tutorial provides basic information for understanding and detecting the generated artefacts, such as A-lines, B-lines, and the lung point. Essential knowledge of these artefacts allows for rule-in and rule-out criteria of a pneumothorax diagnosis. Lung ultrasound could help to reduce the use of radiation in neonatology in the future.

Schlüsselwörter

Neonatologie - Pneumothorax - POCUS - Lungenultraschall

Key words

neonatology - pneumothorax - POCUS - lung ultrasound

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