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Laryngorhinootologie 2021; 100(12): 966-972
DOI: 10.1055/a-1381-8406
Übersicht

Zervikofaziale Aktinomykose

Cervicofacial actinomycosis
Anja Maria Brosig
1   Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
,
Florian Hitzenbichler
2   Abteilung für Krankenhaushygiene und Infektiologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
,
Benjamin Ernst
3   Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik und Poliklinik, Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany
,
Josef Köstler
4   Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
,
Christopher Bohr
1   Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
,
Julian Künzel
1   Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Germany
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Zusammenfassung

Die Aktinomykose ist eine durch grampositive, fakultativ anaerobe Bakterien verursachte Infektionskrankheit, die sich in den meisten Fällen im zervikofazialen Bereich manifestiert und oft einen dentogenen Fokus aufweist. Das klinische Bild reicht vom akuten Abszessgeschehen bis zu chronisch fistulierenden Gewebeprozessen. Eine frühzeitige Diagnose und ein angemessenes therapeutisches Vorgehen mit einer Kombination aus ausgedehnter antibiotischer Behandlung und ggf. chirurgischer Sanierung sind für einen günstigen Krankheitsverlauf entscheidend. In diesem Artikel werden 5 Fälle von Aktinomyzeteninfektionen dargestellt, welche die Vielfalt der klinischen Erscheinungsbilder, die Problematik auf dem Weg zur richtigen Diagnose und mögliche Therapieverläufe illustrieren sollen.

Abstract

Actinomycosis is an infectious disease caused by gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria, which in most cases manifests itself in the cervicofacial area and often has a dentogenic focus. The clinical presentation ranges from acute abscess to chronically fistulating soft tissue processes. Early diagnosis and an appropriate therapeutic approach including a combination of extensive antibiotic treatment and, if necessary, surgical intervention are critical. This article presents five cases of actinomycete infections, which are intended to illustrate the variety of clinical presentations, the problems on the way to the correct diagnosis and possible therapeutic courses.

Schlüsselwörter

Aktinomyzeten - Therapie der Aktinomykose - zervikofaziale Infektion - Diagnose der Aktinomykose - Infektion Kopf-Hals - bakterielle Infektion - zervikaler Abszess

Key words

actinomycetes - treatment of actinomycosis - cervicofacial infection - diagnosis of actinomycosis - head and neck infection - bacterial infection


Publication History

Received: 18 October 2020

Accepted: 01 February 2021

Article published online:
22 February 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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