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Z Gastroenterol 2021; 59(08): 851-858
DOI: 10.1055/a-1402-1263
Originalarbeit

Die Häufigkeit von diagnostizierten Fettlebererkrankungen (NAFLD) in der deutschen Bevölkerung – Eine Analyse auf der Basis von GKV-Routinedaten

Frequency of diagnosed non-alcololic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the German population – An analysis based on health insurance data
Jona T. Stahmeyer
1   Stabsbereich Versorgungsforschung, AOK Niedersachsen
,
Melissa Hemmerling
1   Stabsbereich Versorgungsforschung, AOK Niedersachsen
,
Birte Burger
1   Stabsbereich Versorgungsforschung, AOK Niedersachsen
,
Sveja Eberhard
1   Stabsbereich Versorgungsforschung, AOK Niedersachsen
,
Christian Krauth
2   Center for Health Economic Research (CHERH), Institut für Epidemiologie, Sozialmedizin und Gesundheitssystemforschung, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
,
Jan Zeidler
3   Center for Health Economic Research (CHERH), Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie, Leibniz Universität Hannover
,
Annika Herr
3   Center for Health Economic Research (CHERH), Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie, Leibniz Universität Hannover
,
Henning Weseloh
3   Center for Health Economic Research (CHERH), Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie, Leibniz Universität Hannover
,
Siegbert Rossol
4   Medizinische Klinik, Krankenhaus Nordwest Frankfurt a. M.
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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Die nichtalkoholische Fettlebererkrankung (NAFLD) zählt zu den häufigsten Lebererkrankungen in Deutschland. Langfristig besteht das Risiko einer Leberzirrhose und weiterer Folgeerkrankungen. Epidemiologische Studien zur NAFLD in Deutschland liegen kaum vor. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist eine dezidierte Analyse der administrativen Inzidenz und Prävalenz (der diagnostizierten Erkrankungen) im Zeitraum von 2008 bis 2018.

Methodik Die Grundlage der Analysen bilden GKV-Routinedaten. Es wurden Personen mit durchgängiger Versicherung im Analysejahr sowie im 3-jährigen Vorbeobachtungszeitraum eingeschlossen (1,7–2 Mio. Versicherte pro Analysejahr). Erkrankte Personen wurden über relevante ICD-10-Codes (K76.0 und K75.8) identifiziert.

Ergebnisse Im Jahr 2018 wurde bei 4,66 % der Versicherten eine NAFLD-Diagnose gestellt, eine erstmalige Diagnose lag bei 0,87 % vor. Diagnosen einer Fettleberentzündung (NASH) waren mit 0,09 % selten. Im Zeitverlauf zeigt sich eine steigende NAFLD-Prävalenz, wobei sich die Zahl der jährlich erstmals diagnostizierten Patienten kaum verändert hat. Bei Vorliegen von Erkrankungen des metabolischen Syndroms war die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer NAFLD signifikant erhöht.

Schlussfolgerungen Es zeigt sich, dass eine NAFLD im ärztlichen Alltag häufig diagnostiziert wird, auch wenn Daten aus populationsbasierten Untersuchungen eine noch höhere Prävalenz vermuten lassen.

Abstract

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in Germany. In the long term, there is an increased risk of developing liver cirrhosis and subsequent diseases. Epidemiologic studies on NAFLD prevalence in Germany are scarce. The aim of the study was to assess administrative incidence and prevalence or, more specifically, the number of patients diagnosed with NAFLD in the period from 2008 to 2018.

Methods Analyses are based on administrative data of a large statutory health insurance fund. All individuals who were insured in the year of analysis and in the three-year pre-observation period were included (between 1.7-2 million insured per analysis year). NAFLD-patients were identified using relevant ICD-10 codes (K76.0 und K75.8).

Results In 2018, 4.66 % of insured persons had a NAFLD diagnosis, 0.87 % were diagnosed first-time. Diagnoses of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) were comparatively rare (0.09 %). Data show an uptake of NAFLD diagnoses over time. The number of incident cases per year has hardly changed. Patients with diseases of the metabolic syndrome had an increased chance of being diagnosed with NAFLD.

Conclusion It becomes evident that NAFLD is frequently diagnosed in everyday medical practice, although data from population-based studies suggest an even higher prevalence.

Schlüsselwörter

Epidemiologie - Diagnosehäufigkeit - Fettleber - Fettleberentzündung - Inzidenz - Prävalenz

Keywords

epidemiology - frequency of diagnosis - NAFLD - NASH - incidence - prevalence


Publication History

Received: 14 December 2020

Accepted: 24 February 2021

Article published online:
23 March 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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