Definition, Klassifikation und Diagnostik des Diabetes mellitus: Update 2021

• Literatur

• 1 Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft und Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Hrsg. S3-Leitlinie Gestationsdiabetes mellitus (GDM), Diagnostik, Therapie und Nachsorge. AWMF-Registernummer: 057-008. 2018 2. Auflage. https://www.awmf.org/uploads/tx_szleitlinien/057-008l_S3_Gestationsdiabetes-mellitus-GDM-Diagnostik-Therapie-Nachsorge_2019-06.pdf ; Stand: 14.08.2019
• 2 „Richtlinie der Bundesärztekammer zur Qualitätssicherung laboratoriumsmedizinischer Untersuchungen“. Dtsch Arztebl International 2013; 110 (39) 1822
• 3 Pani LN. et al Effect of aging on A1C levels in individuals without diabetes: evidence from the Framingham Offspring Study and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001–2004. Diabetes Care 2008; 31: 1991-1996
• 4 Pieri M, Pignalosa S, Zenobi R. et al Reference intervals for HbA1c partitioned for gender and age: a multicenter study. Acta Diabetol 2016; 53: 1053-1056
• 5 Roth J, Müller N, Lehmann T. et al HbA1c and Age in Non-Diabetic Subjects: An Ignored Association. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2016; 124: 637-642
• 6 Ma Q, Liu H, Xiang G. et al Association between glycated hemoglobin A1c levels with age and gender in Chinese adults with no prior diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Biomed Rep 2016; 4: 737-740
• 7 Wu L, Lin H, Gao J. et al Effect of age on the diagnostic efficiency of HbA1c for diabetes in a Chinese middle-aged and elderly population: The Shanghai Changfeng Study. PLoS One 2017; 12: e0184607
• 8 Qi J, Su Y, Song Q. et al Reconsidering the HbA1c Cutoff for Diabetes Diagnosis Based on a Large Chinese Cohort. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019;
• 9 Masuch A. et al Preventing misdiagnosis of diabetes in the elderly: age dependent HbA1c reference intervals derived from two population-based study cohorts. BMC Endocr Disord 2019; 19 (01) 20
• 10 Ozarda Y, Sikaris K, Streichert T. et al Distinguishing reference intervals and clinical decision limits – A review by the IFCC Committee on Reference Intervals and Decision Limits. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2018; 55: 420-431
• 11 Buzzetti R, Zampetti S, Maddaloni E. et al Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes: current knowledge and implications for management. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2017; 13: 674-686
• 12 Badenhoop K. MODY und andere monogenetische Diabetesformen. Diabetologe 2017; 13: 453-463
• 13 Bojunga J, Schlereth F. Type 3c diabetes mellitus-prevalence, diagnosis, special aspects of treatment. Diabetologe 2018; 14: 269-277
• 14 Kufeldt J. et al Prevalence and Distribution of Diabetes Mellitus in a Maximum Care Hospital: Urgent Need for HbA1c-Screening. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2018; 126: 123-129
• 15 Gopal Peddinti G, Bergman M, Tuom T. et al 1-Hour Post-OGTT Glucose Improves the Early Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes by Clinical and Metabolic Markers. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104: 1131-1140
• 16 Manco M, Mari A, Petrie J. et al One hour post-load plasma glucose and 3 year risk of worsening fasting and 2 hour glucose tolerance in the RISC cohort. Diabetologia 2019; 62: 544-548
• 17 Bergman M, Manco M, Sesti G. et al Petition to replace current OGTT criteria for diagnosing prediabetes with the 1-hour post-load plasma glucose ≥155 mg/dl (8.6 mmol/L). Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 146: 18-33
• 18 Keutmann S, Zylla S, Dahl M. et al Measurement Uncertainty Impacts Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus: Reliable Minimal Difference of Plasma Glucose Results. Diabetes Ther 2020; 11: 293-303