Nicht-invasive Beatmung in der Präklinik

Das Leitsymptom Atemnot ist einer der häufigsten Alarmierungsgründe im Rettungsdienst. Trotz begrenzter Studienlage für die außerklinische Anwendung wird die NIV im deutschen Rettungsdienstwesen regelhaft eingesetzt. Neben der aktuellen Studienlage gibt der Beitrag praktische Tipps zur Anwendung und stellt die wichtigsten Indikationen und Kontraindikationen der prähospitalen NIV vor.

Abstract

Intrahospital non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is an established therapy of acute respiratory failure (ARI). It is a reasonable complementation of therapeutic options ranging from pharmaceutical treatment to invasive ventilation. Although preclinical studies are limited, NIV is widely used in emergency medical services in Germany. In this article we discuss the current state of research, give practical advice for daily usage and talk about major indications and contraindications of prehospital NIV.

Schlüsselwörter

nichtinvasive Beatmung - NIV - akute respiratorische Insuffizienz - Präklinik - kardiale Dekompensation - COPD

Keywords

non-invasive ventilation - NIV - acute respiratory failure - ARI - preclinic setting - cardiac decompensation - COPD

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