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Facial Plast Surg 2022; 38(02): 152-155
DOI: 10.1055/a-1730-8270
Original Article

Botulinum Toxins for Esthetic Facial Injections: A Scientific Review to Support Evidence-Based Best Practice

Wolfgang G. Philipp-Dormston
1   Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
2   Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Hautzentrum Koeln, Klinik Links vom Rhein, Cologne, Germany
,
Dario Bertossi
3   Maxillo Facial Plastic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
,
Khosrow Houschyar
2   Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Hautzentrum Koeln, Klinik Links vom Rhein, Cologne, Germany
,
Eqram Rahman
4   Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospitals & University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract

Botulinum toxins (BoNT) are complex biological products. Each licensed BoNT type A (BoNTA) has its own individual characteristics resulting into different attributes, some of them being of clinical relevance. Besides profound anatomical knowledge and understanding of esthetic principles, the responsible injecting physician should be aware of those pharmaceutical and clinical properties. Especially against the background of new BoNTA formulations receiving approval by the authorities, a critical and dedicated discussion on the individual characteristics should take place, and the potential relevance on the treatment outcome should be taken into consideration.

Keywords

botulinum toxins - esthetic injections - clinical attributes


Publication History

Accepted Manuscript online:
04 January 2022

Article published online:
08 March 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 

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