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J Knee Surg 2025; 38(01): 022-027
DOI: 10.1055/a-2388-0812
Original Article

Development and Validation of a Mobile Phone Application for Measuring Knee Range of Motion

Matthew F. Gong 
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
,
Logan E. Finger
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
,
Christina Letter
2   Department of Health Information Management, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
,
Soheyla Amirian
3   Seidenberg School of Computer Science and Information Systems, Pace University, New York, New York
,
Bambang Parmanto
2   Department of Health Information Management, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
,
Michael O'Malley
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
,
Brian A. Klatt
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
,
Ahmad P. Tafti
2   Department of Health Information Management, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
,
Johannes F. Plate
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Abstract

Knee range of motion (ROM) is an important indicator of knee function. Outside the clinical setting, patients may not be able to accurately assess knee ROM, which may impair recovery following trauma or surgery. This study aims to validate a smartphone mobile application developed to measure knee ROM compared to visual and goniometer ROM measurements. A knee ROM Android mobile application was developed to measure knee ROM. Patients ≥ 18 years old presenting to an orthopaedic clinic with native knee complaints were approached to participate. Knee ROM was measured bilaterally by an arthroplasty-trained surgeon using (1) vision, (2) goniometer, and (3) the mobile application. Measurements were compared in flexion and extension using a one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey test (alpha = 0.05). Eighty-four knee ROM measurements (40 left, 44 right) were obtained in 47 patients. Median Kellgren–Lawrence grade from available radiographs was grade 3. In flexion, mobile application (117.6 ± 14.7 degrees) measurements were not significantly different from visual (116.1 ± 13.6 degrees) or goniometer (116.2 ± 13.6 degrees) measurements. In extension, mobile application (4.8 ± 7.3 degrees) measurements were significantly different from visual (1.9 ± 4.1 degrees) measurements on post hoc analysis (p < 0.01), while no differences were present compared to goniometer (3.1 ± 5.8 degrees) measurements. Our study found that a mobile application for evaluating knee ROM was noninferior to goniometer-based measurements performed by an arthroplasty-trained surgeon. Future studies will investigate this application's utility in (1) remote patient care, (2) accelerating recovery during rehabilitation, (3) detecting early postoperative complications including arthrofibrosis, and (4) adding additional functionalities to the application to provide more detail-oriented descriptive analyses of patient knee function.

Keywords

orthopaedic surgery - adult reconstruction - postoperative rehabilitation - technology - knee arthroplasty


Publication History

Received: 27 November 2023

Accepted: 13 August 2024

Accepted Manuscript online:
14 August 2024

Article published online:
12 September 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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