Oclacitinib – Januskinase-Hemmung in der Veterinärdermatologie

Zusammenfassung

Oclacitinib (Apoquel, Zoetis) ist aktuell der einzige in der EU für die Veterinärmedizin zugelassene Januskinase (JAK)-Inhibitor. Das Medikament ist zugelassen für die Behandlung von atopischer Dermatitis und allergischem Juckreiz des Hundes. Hierfür wird es bereits seit über 10 Jahren sicher und erfolgreich eingesetzt. Weiterhin sind bereits mehrere Fallberichte publiziert, welche nach Ausschöpfung der zugelassenen Medikamente von einem erfolgreichen Off-Label-Einsatz von Oclacitinib insbesondere bei T-Zell-mediierten Krankheitsbildern berichten.

Oclacitinib ist nur für Hunde zugelassen. Von einem Einsatz bei Katzen wird abgeraten, da hierfür nicht genügend Daten aus klinischen Studien vorliegen. Es ist jedoch bekannt, dass diese eine höhere Dosierung benötigen und die therapeutische Breite geringer ist als bei Hunden. In diesem Übersichtsartikel wird eine Zusammenfassung über Studien zur Anwendung von Oclacitinib bei Hunden mit atopischer Dermatitis sowie ein Ausblick zur Verabreichung bei Katzen gegeben. Weiterhin wird eine Übersicht zur erfolgreichen Anwendung von Oclacitinib bei anderen immunmediierten Krankheiten vermittelt.

Abstract

Oclacitinib (Apoquel, Zoetis) is currently the only Janus kinase inhibitor approved for veterinary medicine in the EU. The drug is approved for treatment of atopic dermatitis and associated pruritus in dogs. For this purpose, it has been used safely and successfully for over 10 years. Furthermore, a number of case reports have already been published which report successful off-label use of oclacitinib, particularly in T-cell mediated diseases, after approved drugs were ineffective. Oclacitinib is only approved for dogs. Its use in cats is not recommended as there is insufficient data from clinical trials. However, it is known that cats require a higher dosage and that the drug has less therapeutic safety than in dogs. This review article summarizes studies on the use of oclacitinib in dogs with atopic dermatitis and provides an outlook on its administration in cats. An overview of the successful use of oclacitinib in other immune-mediated diseases is presented.

Schlüsselwörter

Januskinase-Inhibitoren - JAK-STAT-Signalweg - Juckreiz - Allergie - Off-Label-Use

Keywords

Janus kinase inhibitors - JAK-STAT pathway - pruritus - allergy - off-label use

Publication History

Received: 22 December 2024

Accepted: 13 May 2025

Article published online:
13 June 2025

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