Age-Stratified Impact of Early Virtual Reality Intervention on Preoperative Anxiety in Children: A Randomized Trial

Gloria Chocarro Amatriain; Teresa M. Cardenal Alonso-Allende; Olga Olivas Gallego; Iñigo Tuduri Limousin; Ruben I. Garcia Fernandez; Arturo Galbarriatu Gutierrez; Luana Alvarez Martinez; Marcela P. Valdivieso Castro; Carmen M. Galvez Estevez; Maria I. Rodriguez Tabares; Maria R. Garcia Mate; Izaskun Grijalba Ipiñazar; Gorka Najarro Ajuria; Lara Medrano Mendez; Estibaliz Solorzano Rodriguez; Nagore Solaeche Prieto; Eduardo Ruiz Aja; Ana Muñiz Castellanos; Igone Chavarria Santiago; Jose L. Blanco Bruned

doi:10.1055/a-2753-9692

European Journal of Pediatric Surgery, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Eur J Pediatr Surg
DOI: 10.1055/a-2753-9692

Original Article

Age-Stratified Impact of Early Virtual Reality Intervention on Preoperative Anxiety in Children: A Randomized Trial

Autor*innen

Gloria Chocarro Amatriain

¹Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery. Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Teresa M. Cardenal Alonso-Allende

¹Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery. Plaza de Cruces 12, 48903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Olga Olivas Gallego

²Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Bizkaia Mental Health Network. Maria Diaz de Haro 60, 48010 Bilbao, Spain
Iñigo Tuduri Limousin

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Ruben I. Garcia Fernandez

⁴Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Innovation and Quality Department, Cruces University Hospital, Plaza Cruces 12, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Arturo Galbarriatu Gutierrez

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Luana Alvarez Martinez

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Marcela P. Valdivieso Castro

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Carmen M. Galvez Estevez

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Maria I. Rodriguez Tabares

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Maria R. Garcia Mate

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Izaskun Grijalba Ipiñazar

⁵Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Gorka Najarro Ajuria

⁵Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Lara Medrano Mendez

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Estibaliz Solorzano Rodriguez

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Nagore Solaeche Prieto

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Eduardo Ruiz Aja

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Ana Muñiz Castellanos

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Igone Chavarria Santiago

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
Jose L. Blanco Bruned

³Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Cruces University Hospital, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Barakaldo, Spain. Plaza Cruces s/n, 480903 Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain

Abstract

Aim of the Study

Although it is known that virtual reality (VR) reduces presurgical anxiety, it has neither been stratified by age to determine its effect, nor has been applied before the day of surgery. This study has a novel age-stratified design offering VR months before surgery to address these unstudied issues.

Methods

This was a unicentered, blinded clinical trial with parallel groups stratified by age (5–8 and 9–12 years), including major outpatient surgery patients. VR video showing the course of surgery was offered months before surgery. This study had ethical committee approval. The main variable was the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS) before entering the operating room. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) measured basal anxiety and the Posthospitalization Behavior Questionnaire (PHBQ) measured behavior after 1 month. For comparison, Student's t-test or Kruskal–Wallis test was used.

Results

Of 72 patients, 6 met exclusion criteria and 5 withdrew consent. Of the remaining 61, 56 completed mYPAS. The mYPAS decrease was significant for children aged 5 to 8 years (28.33 VIDEO vs. 35.83 non-VIDEO; p = 0.042) (rank coefficient 0.45 [0.05–0.72]). In the children aged 9 to 12 years (32.91 vs. 33.33; p = 0.864), a tiny correlation (r = 0.04 [0.38–0.45]) was found. A total of 96.67% of CBCLs (n = 58) scored normal. The 57 completed PHBQs had very low scores, both in non-VIDEO (0.00 [0.00–4.50]) and in VIDEO groups (0.00 [0.00–4.50]). No differences were found; neither globally (p > 0.05), nor depending on age (5–8 years, p = 0.508/9–12 years, p = 0.661).

Conclusion

VR may reduce preoperative anxiety in younger children (5 to 8 years), though its effect in the entire group was borderline. Larger multicenter studies are needed to confirm age and timing benefits.

Keywords

virtual reality - preoperative anxiety - behavior problems

Volltext

Referenzen

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