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DOI: 10.1055/a-2777-1902
Myasthene Syndrome: Retrospektive Analyse zweier Patientenkohorten
Myasthenic syndromes: retrospective analysis of two patient cohortsAuthors
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Myasthenia gravis (MG) und das Lambert-Eaton-Myasthenie-Syndrom (LEMS) sind seltene, autoimmun-vermittelte neuromuskuläre Erkrankungen, die mit belastungsabhängiger Muskelschwäche einhergehen. Während für MG verschiedene Therapieoptionen existieren, lässt sich eine Untergruppe der Patienten als Therapie-refraktär einstufen, wobei in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur unterschiedliche Definitionen dieser Therapie-Refraktärität existieren.
Methoden
In dieser monozentrischen, retrospektiven Kohortenstudie wurden 200 MG-Patienten und 15 LEMS-Patienten untersucht. Es wurden Daten zu klinischen Merkmalen, Antikörperstatus, Therapieansprechen und Begleiterkrankungen erfasst. Als Therapie-refraktär galten diejenigen MG-Patienten, die in ihrem Krankheitsverlauf mindestens drei verschiedene Immunsuppressiva erhielten. Statistische Analysen wurden mit SPSS durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse
11,5% der MG-Patienten (n=23) wurden als Therapie-refraktär klassifiziert. Diese wiesen häufiger eine schwere Krankheitsausprägung gemäß MGFA-Klassifikation, eine höhere Prävalenz von MuSK-Antikörpern sowie vermehrt kardiovaskuläre Komorbiditäten auf.
Schlussfolgerung
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Patienten in der Therapie-refraktären Gruppe häufiger schwere Krankheitsverläufe gemäß der MGFA-Klassifikation aufwiesen und häufiger Eskalationstherapien benötigten. Eine einheitliche Definition des Begriffes der Therapie-refraktären MG ist jedoch nicht verfügbar.
Abstract
Background
Myasthenia gravis (MG) and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) are rare autoimmune-mediated neuromuscular diseases characterized by muscle weakness. Although various treatment options are available for MG, a subset of patients may be considered treatment-refractory, with differing definitions of this status present in the scientific literature.
Methods
This monocentric, retrospective cohort study investigated 200 patients with MG and 15 patients with LEMS. Data on clinical characteristics, antibody status, treatment response, and concomitant diseases were collected. MG patients who received at least three different immunosuppressants during their disease history were categorized as treatment-refractory. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS.
Results
11.5% of MG patients (n=23) were classified as treatment-refractory. According to the MGFA classification, these patients were more likely to exhibit severe disease, have a higher prevalence of MuSK antibodies, and experience increased cardiovascular comorbidities.
Conclusion
The results indicate that patients in the treatment-refractory group exhibited severe disease progression more frequently according to the MGFA classification and required escalation therapies more often. However, a standardized definition of therapy-refractory MG is not yet available.
Schlüsselwörter
Myasthenia gravis - Lambert-Eaton-Myasthenie-Syndrom - Refraktär - Myasthene SyndromePublication History
Received: 02 April 2025
Accepted after revision: 09 December 2025
Article published online:
02 February 2026
© 2026. Thieme. All rights reserved.
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