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DOI: 10.1055/a-2791-7446
Suizidprävention in Italien und Deutschland: Ein Überblick
Suizide prevention in Italy and Germany: An overviewAuthors
Zusammenfassung
Suizidprävention ist individuell und gesellschaftlich von hoher Relevanz. Die psychiatrischen Versorgungsmodelle von Italien und Deutschland werden dahingehend miteinander im Rahmen einer Literaturanalyse verglichen. Die Suizidraten sind in Italien deutlich niedriger als in Deutschland. Dies könnte an unterschiedlichen historischen und, kulturellen und ggfls. auch klimatischen Merkmalen liegen, aber in Italien spielen nach der Basaglia-Reform vor allem soziale Inklusion, gemeindenahe Versorgung und Wahrung der individuellen Rechte eine wichtige Rolle. Dieses Versorgungsmodell zeigt auch, dass eine offene, nahezu zwangsfreie Psychiatrie bzgl. des wichtigen Outcome-Faktors Suizid evtl. erfolgreicher sein kann. Italien dagegen könnte aber von der stärker ausgeprägten zentralen Koordination der Suizidpräventionsprogramme und dem dichten medizinischen Versorgungsnetz in Deutschland mit raschen, vor allem auch psychopharmakologischen sowie psychotherapeutischen Interventionsmöglichkeiten lernen. Die Integration beider Ansätze wäre vermutlich am erfolgreichsten hinsichtlich einer Suizidprävention.
Abstract
Suicide prevention is highly relevant both individually and socially. In this study, the psychiatric care models in Italy and Germanyin suicide prevention are compared as part of a literature analysis. Suicide rates are significantly lower in Italy than in Germany. This could be due to different historical and, cultural and possibly also climatic characteristics, but in Italy, following the Basaglia reform, social inclusion, community-based care and respect for individual rights play a particularly important role. This care model also shows that open, almost coercion-free psychiatry may be more successful with regard to the important outcome factor of suicide. Italy, on the other hand, can learn from the central, more pronounced coordination of suicide prevention programs, but also from the dense medical care network in Germany with rapid, above all psychopharmacological as well as psychotherapeutical intervention options. The integration of both approaches would probably be most successful.
Schlüsselwörter
Suizidprävention - Psychiatrische Modelle - Vergleichsstudie - Italien - DeutschlandPublication History
Received: 06 July 2025
Accepted after revision: 09 January 2026
Article published online:
13 February 2026
© 2026. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
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