Sedierungen in der Oralchirurgie – Teil 1: Pharmakologische und klinische Aspekte intravenöser Sedativa

Obwohl moderne Verfahren der Lokalanästhesie heute eine schmerzfreie Behandlung ermöglichen, bleiben viele Patienten gegenüber zahnärztlichen und insbesondere oralchirurgischen Prozeduren ängstlich eingestellt. Die Angst dieser Patienten kann eine unzureichende Kooperation und somit eine Erschwerung oder einen Abbruch der Behandlung zur Folge habe. In ausgeprägten Fällen kann die Angst sogar zur Ablehnung oder Vermeidung der notwendigen Therapie führen. Dies gilt umso mehr für umfangreichere Eingriffe, wie die operative Entfernung von Weisheitszähnen oder die Behandlung von ängstlichen Kindern. Im folgenden 1. Teil des Beitrags werden pharmakologische und klinische Aspekte moderner Sedativa dargestellt und klinisch evaluiert. Insbesondere wird auf die praktische Vorgehensweise bei der intravenösen Sedierung oralchirurgischer Patienten eingegangen und verschiedene intravenöse Sedativa miteinander verglichen.

Despite modern local anaesthesia procedures allowing a painless treatment, many patients remain fearful towards dental procedures. This is in particular true for treatments in the field of oral surgery, as the removal of wisdom teeth as well as for the treatment of children. For these patients, intravenous sedation may present an alternative treatment option to local or general anaesthesia. The aim of this article is an evidence–based evaluation of sedation procedures with regard to their application in dentistry and oral surgery. The first part of the article considers clinical, pharmacological and practical aspects of intravenous sedatives.

Schlüsselwörter:

Oralchirurgie - Analgosedierung - Conscious Sedation - Midazolam

Key Words

Oral surgery - Sedation - Conscious Sedation - Midazolam

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