Bildgebung der Reorganisation im Sprachsystem nach Schlaganfall

Zusammenfassung

Die Frage, wie das Gehirn auf eine fokale Schädigung reagiert um den Funktionsverlust zu kompensieren hat seit jeher Neurologen beschäftigt. Mit den Methoden der modernen Bildgebung ist es möglich geworden, diese Reorganisationsprozesse in ihrer dynamischen Abfolge zu erfassen. Dieser Übersichtsartikel fasst Ergebnisse von Bildgebungsstudien zur Reorganisation im Sprachsystem nach Schlaganfall zusammen. Wir beschreiben, welche Mechanismen zu welcher Phase nach dem Ereignis zur sprachlichen Verbesserung beitragen und postulieren, dass die Beschreibung der Reorganisation aus einer Netzwerkperspektive neue Möglichkeiten in der Neurorehabilitation aphasischer Sprachstörungen eröffnet.

Abstract

In recent years, application of functional brain imaging to aphasic stroke patients has broadened our understanding of the neural processes underlying recovery from aphasia. This article highlights recent findings from neuroimaging studies of aphasia, focusing on the dynamic process of reorganisation from acute to chronic stroke and points to recent developments which enable the investigation of language reorganisation within a framework of interconnected brain regions.

Schlüsselwörter

Aphasie - Schlaganfall - Reorganisation - funktioneller MRT (fMRT)

Key words

aphasia - stroke - reorganization - functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

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