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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245495
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Recovery und Remission bei Schizophrenie
Ergebnisse einer naturalistischen 2-Jahres-Katamnesestudie ehemals stationärer PatientenRecovery and Remission in SchizophreniaResults from a Naturalistic 2-Year Follow-Up Inpatient StudyPublication History
Publication Date:
06 August 2010 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Remission bei schizophrenen Erkrankungen bezeichnet die Abnahme der Symptomatik über einen Zeitraum von mindestens 6 Monaten. Demgegenüber beinhaltet der Begriff Recovery neben dem längerfristigen Rückgang der Symptomatik auch Kriterien, die eine gute psychosoziale Funktionsfähigkeit und Lebensqualität gewährleisten. In der vorliegenden naturalistischen Studie werden diese Funktionsbereiche, ihre Zusammenhänge und ihre Zusammenführung – Recovery – hinsichtlich des Verlaufs über einen Zeitraum von 2 Jahren untersucht. Methodik: In die Analyse einbezogen wurden 77 Patienten. Die Remissionskriterien für die einzelnen Bereiche basieren auf der BPRS (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Symptomatische Remission), GAF (Global Assessment of Functioning, Funktionelle Remission) und dem SWN-K (Subjektives Wohlbefinden unter Neuroleptika, Remission der Lebensqualität). Als „recovered” wurde ein Patient bezeichnet, der in allen 3 Bereichen zu allen Untersuchungszeitpunkten bei Entlassung, 1- und 2-Jahreskatamnese remittiert war. Ergebnisse: Fasst man alle 3 Untersuchungszeitpunkte zusammen, so traten symptomatische und funktionelle Remission mit knapp 10 % nur sehr selten auf. Ungefähr ein Drittel der Patienten wies demgegenüber eine stabile Remission der Lebensqualität auf. Dabei korreliert die Lebensqualität nur außerordentlich gering mit symptomatischer und funktioneller Remission. Kein Patient erfüllte die Kriterien für Recovery. Schlussfolgerung: Symptomatische und funktionelle Remission sowie Recovery traten in der vorliegenden Stichprobe im Vergleich zu vorangegangenen Studien außerordentlich selten auf. Dieser Unterschied ist unseres Erachtens auf die breite naturalistische Erfassung stationärer schizophrener Patienten zurückzuführen, während frühere Berichte stark selektierte Patientengruppen untersuchten. Die Ergebnisse zur Lebensqualität deuten jedoch darauf hin, dass schizophrene Patienten trotz symptomatischer und funktioneller Einschränkungen häufig in der Lage sind, ein weitestgehend zufriedenes Leben zu führen.
Abstract
Introduction: Remission in schizophrenia is defined as a period of at least 6 months in which symptom reduction occurs. In comparison, the term recovery is defined to include not only long-term symptomatic improvement but also good psychosocial functioning and improved quality of life. The aim of this naturalistic study is to prospectively investigate all these variables and their interrelationship in a sample of subjects with schizophrenia over a period of two years. Methods: Seventy-seven subjects were included into the analysis. Criteria of remission for each domain were assessed using the BPRS (brief psychiatric rating scale, symptomatic remission), GAF (global assessment of functioning, functional remission) and the SWN-K (subjective well-being under neuroleptics, remission of subjective well-being). Subjects were considered to have ”recovered” if they remitted in all three domains at discharge (t0), one (t1) and two-year (t2) follow-up assessments. Results: Symptomatic and functional remissions were rare and occurred only in 10 % of the subjects at t0, t1 and t2. Approximately one-third of the individuals had remission with a stable quality of life. Correlations between quality of life and functional and symptomatic remissions were weak. None of the subjects met the criteria for recovery. Conclusion: Compared to previous studies, the rates of remission and recovery in the current sample were quite low. The contrasting results may be due to the naturalistic characteristics of this sample of initially inpatient subjects while previous studies investigated selected samples of schizophrenic individuals. However, despite their functional and symptomatic impairments, the results also indicate that the schizophrenic subjects have a largely satisfying quality of life.
Schlüsselwörter
Schizophrenie - Remission - Recovery - Katamnese - Lebensqualität
Keywords
schizophrenia - remission - recovery - follow-up - quality of life
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Dipl.-Psych. Arne Wolter
Ev. Krankenhaus Bethanien, Johanna-Odebrecht-Stiftung
Gützkower Landstr. 69
17489 Greifswald
Email: arne_wolter@hotmail.com