Listeria monocytogenes-Induced Bacterial Peritonitis Caused by Contaminated Cheese in a Patient With Haemochromatosis

Zusammenfassung

Infektionen mit Listeria monocytogenes können sich klinisch mit vielfältigen Organmanifestationen wie Gastroenteritis, Meningoenzephalitis oder Osteomyelitis präsentieren, die bei immunkompromittierten Patienten sehr schwer verlaufen können. Wir stellen den Fall einer 76-jährigen Patientin mit bekannter hereditärer Hämochromatose vor, die sich mit zunehmenden Bauchschmerzen vorstellte. Es zeigte sich eine spontan-bakterielle Peritonitis, verursacht durch eine Infektion mit Listeria monocytogenes, welche die Patientin durch Genuss von kontaminiertem Käse aus einem örtlichen Supermarkt erworben hatte. Dieser Fall ist unserer Kenntnis nach der erste Bericht einer spontan-bakteriellen Peritonitis durch Listeria monocytogenes bei einem Patienten mit Hämochromatose. Sowohl die dadurch verursachte Leberzirrhose als auch die Hämochromatose selbst stellen durch eine Beeinträchtigung der lokalen und systemischen Immunantwort prädisponierende Faktoren für eine Listerien-Infektion dar. Der Fall demonstriert eine seltene Organmanifestation einer Listeria-monocytogenes-Infektion, die – wenn nicht adäquat diagnostiziert und therapiert – eine vital bedrohliche Gefährdung bei Zirrhose-Patienten darstellt, und unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit zur Identifizierung der Infektionsquelle, um eine weitere Ausbreitung kontaminierter Nahrung zu verhindern.

Abstract

Infections with Listeria monocytogenes can present clinically with a wide range of different organ manifestations such as gastroenteritis, meningoencephalitis or osteomyelitis, posing a serious threat, particularly to immunocompromised patients. We present the case of a 76-year-old female patient with advanced liver disease due to underlying haemochromatosis, who was admitted to the hospital with increasing abdominal pain. She was diagnosed with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by infection with Listeria monocytogenes, which she had acquired after consuming contaminated cheese from a local supermarket chain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to describe Listeria-induced spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in a patient with haemochromatosis. Both end-stage liver disease and hereditary haemochromatosis on their own impair the local and systemic immune response, thereby representing predisposing factors for acquiring Listeria monocytogenes infection. This case demonstrates a rare organ manifestation of Listeria monocytogenes infection, which can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated adequately, and underlines the need to identify possible sources of infection in order to apply measures to prevent the further spread of the contaminated food.

Schlüsselwörter

spontan-bakterielle Peritonitis - Listeria monocytogenes - Hämochromatose - Leberzirrhose

Key words

spontaneous bacterial peritonitis - Listeria monocytogenes - haemochromatose - Liver cirrhosis

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