Dengue kommt endemisch in den meisten subtropischen und tropischen Regionen Asiens
und Lateinamerikas vor und ist die häufigste durch Mücken übertragene Virusinfektion
weltweit. Aktuelle Schätzungen gehen davon aus, dass jährlich bis zu 2 Millionen Menschen
an der schweren Verlaufform, dem Dengue hämorrhagischen Fieber, erkranken. Ein effektiver
Impfstoff steht nicht zur Verfügung, aber mehrere tetravalente Impstoffkandidaten
werden aktuell in klinischen Studien getestet. Die Evaluierung von Dengue-Impfstoffkandidaten
ist jedoch aufgrund von einigen epidemiologischen und immunologischen Besonderheiten
des Erregers mit diversen Herausforderungen verbunden. Die „Pädiatrische Denguevakzininitiative“
(PDVI) ist eine sogenannte „Produktentwicklungspartnerschaft“, die 2003 ins Leben
gerufen wurde mit der Zielsetzung, die Entwicklung, Evaluierung und Einführung von
sicheren, effektiven und finanziell erschwinglichen Dengue-Impfstoffen zu forcieren.
Es besteht die Hoffnung, dass 1–2 Impfstoffkandidaten bis 2014 erfolgreich evaluiert
und lizensiert werden.
Dengue is endemic in most subtropical and tropical regions of Asia and Latin-America.
It is the most common mosquito-borne viral disease worldwide. New estimates suggest
that annually up to 2 million people with dengue virus infection develop the more
severe form dengue hemorrhagic fever. An effective dengue vaccine is not yet available.
But several tetravalent dengue vaccine candidates are currently being evaluated in
clinical trials. The evaluation of dengue vaccine candidates poses, however, several
challenges because of some dengue-specific epidemiological and immunological particularities.
The Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative (PDVI) has been founded in 2003 as a product
development partnership. Its mission is to accelerate the development, evaluation
and introduction of safe, effective and affordable dengue vaccines. The successful
evaluation and licensure of one or two tetravalent dengue vaccine candidates by 2014
seems feasible.
Key words
dengue - epidemiology– vaccine - development
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Korrespondenz
Dr. Ole Wichmann
Fachgebiet 33 (Impfprävention) Abteilung für Infektionsepidemiologie Robert Koch-Institut
DGZ-Ring 1
13086 Berlin
eMail: WichmannO@rki.de