Rehabilitation bei Osteoporose

Zusammenfassung

Osteoporose ist eine systemische Skeletterkrankung mit reduzierter Knochendichte und erhöhtem Knochenbruchrisiko. Die Diagnosestellung bedarf manchmal mehrerer Schritte. Obwohl es einen Rechner zur Quantifizierung des Frakturrisikos gibt, sollten bei jedem Patienten individuelle Aspekte in die Therapieentscheidung mit einfließen. Die Prävention beginnt in der Kindheit mit einer ausreichenden Zufuhr von Kalzium und Vitamin D sowie regelmäßigen körperlichen Aktivitäten. Die Therapie der Osteoporose bzw. die Rehabilitation der manifesten Osteoporose mit Frakturen inkludieren je nach Aktualität und Zustandsbild die Schmerzlinderung, Verbesserung der Statik und Balance, Muskelkräftigung, die Einleitung einer osteoporosespezifischen Medikation und, soweit möglich, die Wiederherstellung oder der Erhalt von Selbstständigkeit und Mobilität. Betroffene, die all diese Maßnahmen erhalten, werden sich weniger vor Stürzen und evtl. Frakturen fürchten.

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by a compromised bone strength predisposing a person to an increased risk of fracture. Detecting a person’s osteoporosis may include multiple steps. Despite existing tools which help to evaluate the time point and kind of patient’s treatment, it is important that the treatment is performed on an individual basis. Osteoporosis-prevention should start in early childhood: Active lifestyle and calcium- and vitamin D-rich nutrition are crucial to develop healthy bones. Adults suffering from osteoporosis should be treated in order to prevent fractures. Therefore osteoporosis-specific medication and several other strategies should be initiated quickly. Patients with fractures should be treated with analgesics. Furthermore, an improvement of the patient’s posture and muscle strength is important. Finally, a complex rehabilitation can help to decrease concerns and fears about the potential of fall-related fractures.

Schlüsselwörter

älterer Mensch - Osteoporose - Fraktur - osteoporosespezifische Medikation - Rehabilitation

Keywords

elderly - osteoporosis - fracture - osteoporosis-specific medication - rehabilitation

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