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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273408
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Differentiation between Benign and Malignant Adrenal Mass using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound
Kontrastmittel-Sonografie zur Differenzierung von benignen und malignen NebennierenraumforderungenPublication History
received: 2.6.2010
accepted: 25.4.2011
Publication Date:
10 June 2011 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Nebennierenraumforderungen können sonografisch mit guter Sensitivität und Spezifität detektiert werden. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Wertigkeit der Kontrastmittel-Sonografie (CEUS) unter Verwendung von Zeit-Intensitäts-Kurven für die Charakterisierung von Nebennierenraumforderungen zu evaluieren. Material und Methoden: 108 Patienten mit 116 Raumforderungen der Nebennieren erhielten einen Ultraschall der Nebenniere, inklusive einer Kontrastmittel-Sonografie mit dem Kontrastmittel Sonovue. Die Kontrastmitteldynamik wurde mittels Zeit-Intensitätskurven aufgezeichnet. Anhand der Kontrastmittelanflutungszeit (CE) wurden folgende 4 Kontrastmittel-Muster verwendet, welche in einer Pilotstudie entwickelt wurden: pattern I = früh arterielle CE, pattern II = arterielle CE, pattern III = späte CE, pattern IV = keine CE. Zusätzlich erhielten alle Patienten eine Beurteilung der Nebenniere mit einer 2. Bildgebung (CT oder MRT) sowie eine laborchemische Hormondiagnostik. In Fällen mit malignitätsverdächtigem Befund erfolgte eine Biopsie oder Adrenalektomie. Ergebnisse: CEUS-pattern-I&II konnte bei allen Patienten mit primärem oder sekundärem Malignom der Nebenniere (n = 16) nachgewiesen werden. Die Sensitivität der CEUS für die Diagnose einer malignen Nebennierenraumforderung betrug 100 % (CI [75;100]) und die Spezifität 67 % (CI [56;75]). Bei 40 Nebennierenraumforderungen war die Histologie die Referenzmethode. In 68 % dieser Nebennierenraumforderungen waren MRT/CT und CEUS kongruent in der Beurteilung der Dignität. Schlussfolgerung: Die Kontrastmittel-Sonografie ist eine nützliche ergänzende Methode in der Aufarbeitung von Nebennierenraumforderungen mit exzellenter Sensitivität für die Diagnose eines Malignoms.
Abstract
Purpose: Adrenal masses can be detected by ultrasound with high sensitivity and specificity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate CEUS in a large patient population using CEUS patterns identified in a previous pilot study. Materials and Methods: 116 adrenal masses were evaluated by ultrasound, including CEUS with the contrast agent Sonovue®. The dynamic of contrast enhancement (CE) was analyzed using time-intensity curves. The time of the first CE in the adrenal mass was used to define four CEUS patterns: pattern I = early arterial CE, pattern II = arterial CE, pattern III = late CE, pattern IV = no CE. In addition, all patients received CT/MRI and hormonal testing. In suspicious cases biopsy or adrenalectomy was performed. Results: CEUS patterns I&II were seen in all patients with primary or secondary malignant lesions of the adrenal gland (n = 16). The sensitivity and specificity of CEUS for the diagnosis of malignant adrenal mass were 100 % (CI [75;100]) and 67 % (CI [56;75]), respectively. Overall histology was available as a reference method for 40 adrenal masses. In 68 % of histologically diagnosed adrenal masses, MRI/CT and CEUS were congruent concerning the characterization of malignant versus benign adrenal mass. Conclusion: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound may be a useful method in the diagnostic work-up of adrenal mass with excellent sensitivity for the diagnosis of malignancy.
Key words
abdomen - adrenal gland - ultrasound - ultrasound power Doppler
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PD Dr. Mireen Friedrich-Rust
Department of Internal Medicine 1, J. W. Goethe-University Hospital
Theodor-Stern-Kai 7
60590 Frankfurt
Phone: ++ 49/69/63 01 52 97
Fax: ++ 49/69/63 01 51 22
Email: Mireen.Friedrich-Rust@kgu.de