Häufige Infektionen bei Patienten mit einer rheumatisch-entzündlichen Grunderkrankung

Zusammenfassung

Häufige Infektionen bei Patienten mit einer rheumatischen Grunderkrankung stellen eine große Herausforderung für den behandelnden Arzt dar. Es ist jeweils zu klären, welche Faktoren zu der Infektneigung bei dem einzelnen Patienten beitragen. Neben der offensichtlichen Gefährdung durch eine immunsuppressive Therapie können hier auch die immunologische Störung der Grunderkrankung sowie der durch sie hervorgerufenen chronischen Gelenk- und Organschädigungen, wie auch weitere Grunderkrankungen eine entscheidende Rolle spielen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es dem Leser eine Übersicht über die aktuell verfügbaren Erkenntnisse bzgl. der unterschiedlichen Infektgefährdung durch immunsuppressive Basismedikamente und zusätzliche Risikofaktoren zu geben. Hieraus werden dann konkrete Empfehlung zu Diagnostik und Therapie abgeleitet.

Abstract

Frequent infections in patients with underlying rheumatic diseases represent a major challenge. The treating physician should determine factors that contribute to the susceptibility to infections in the individual patient. Besides the obvious risk caused by immunosuppressive therapy, immunodeficiency caused by the underlying rheumatic disease and chronic joint and organ damage, as well as additional diseases may play a crucial role. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the currently available evidence regarding the risk for infections associated with different immunosuppressive drugs, to delineate additional risk factors and to arrive at concrete recommendations for diagnosis and treatment for patients suffering from frequent infections.

Schlüsselwörter

Infektionen - Risiko - entzündlich-rheumatische Erkrankungen - rheumatoide Arthritis - immunsuppressive Behandlung

Key words

infections - risks - rheumatic diseases - rheumatoid arthritis - immunosuppressive therapy

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