Kokosöl fürs Gehirn

Zusammenfassung

Die meist früh in der Pathogenese einer Alzheimerdemenz auftretenden Störungen im Zucker- und Insulinstoffwechsel führen zu einem Energiedefizit im Gehirn. In Kasuistiken deutet sich an, dass MCT-reiches Kokosöl eine ideale Ergänzung in der Ernährung von Patienten mit milden Demenzformen und in der Prophylaxe ist, da die enthaltenen Fettsäuren bevorzugt in Ketone umgewandelt werden, die das Defizit ausgleichen können.

Schlüsselwörter

Alzheimer - Demenz - FINGER-Studie - Insulinresistenz - Energieversorgung von Neuronen - Ketonkörper - Neuroprotektion - Kokosöl - MCT-Fette

• Literatur

• 1 Bredesen DE. Reversal of cognitive decline: a novel therapeutic program. Aging 2014; 6: 707-717
• 2 Brookmeyer R et al. Projections of Alzheimer’s Disease in the United States and the public health impact of delaying disease onset. Am J Public Health 1998; 88: 1337-1342
• 3 Ngandu T et al. A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2015; 385: 2255-2263
• 4 Parletta N et al. Nutritional modulation of cognitive function and mental health. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24: 725-743
• 5 Cunnane S et al. Brain fuel metabolism, aging, and Alzheimer’s disease. Nutrition 2011; 27: 3-20
• 6 De la, Wands JR. Review of insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression, signaling, and malfunction in the central nervous system: relevance to Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2005; 7: 45-61
• 7 Yao J et al. Shift in brain metabolism in late onset Alzheimer’s disease: implications for biomarkers and therapeutic interventions. Mol Asp Med 2011; 32: 247-257
• 8 Hu T et al. Effects of low-carbohydrate diets versus low-fat diets on metabolic risk factors: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Am J epidemiol 2012; 176: S44-S54
• 9 Schwingshackl L, Hoffmann G. Long-term effects of low glycemic index/load vs. high glycemic index/load diets on parameters of obesity and obesity-associated risks: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23: 699-706
• 10 Buyken AE et al. Carbohydrate nutrition and inflammatory disease mortality in older adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 634-643
• 11 Castellano CA et al. In contrast to lower brain glucose uptake, brain ketone uptake is unchanged in mild Alzheimer’s disease: A dual tracer PET study comparing 18F-FDG and 11C-acetoacetate. Hot topic oral presentation. Clin Trials Alzheimer’s Dis. San Diego: 2013
• 12 Laeger T et al. Role of β-hydroxybutyric acid in the central regulation of energy balance. Appetite 2010; 54: 450-455
• 13 Paoli A et al. Beyond weight loss: a review of the therapeutic uses of very-low-carbohydrate (ketogenic) diets. Eur J Clin Nutr 2013; 67: 789-796
• 14 Kossoff EH et al. Ketogenic Diets: Treatments for Epilepsy and Other Disorders. New York: Demos Health; 2011
• 15 Noh HS et al. Acetoacetate protects neuronal cells from oxidative glutamate toxicity. J Neurosci Res 2006; 83: 702-709
• 16 Kashiwaya Y et al. D-β-Hydroxybutyrate protects neurons in models of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97: 5440-5444
• 17 Maynard SD, Gelblum J. Retrospective cohort study of the efficacy of caprylic triglyceride in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2013; 9: 1619-1627
• 18 Newport MT et al. A new way to produce hyperketonemia: Use of ketone ester in a case of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimers Dement 2015; 11: 99-103
• 19 Henderson ST et al. Study of the ketogenic agent AC-1202 in mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. Nutr Metab 2009; 6: 31
• 20 Krikorian R et al. Dietary ketosis enhances memory in mild cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Aging 2012; 33: 425.e19-425.e27
• 21 Reger M et al. Effects of beta-hydroxybutyrate on cognition in memory-impaired adults. Neurobiol Aging 2004; 25: 311-314
• 22 Bergen S et al. Hyperketonemia induced in man by medium-chain triglyceride. Diabetes 1966; 15: 723-725
• 23 Fernando WMADB et al. The role of dietary coconut for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: potential mechanism of action. Brit J Nutrition 2015; 114: 1-14
• 24 Couchesne-Loyer A et al. Stimulation of mild, sustained ketonemia by medium-chain triacylglycerols in healthy humans: Estimated potential contribution to brain energy metabolism. Nutrition 2013; 29: 635-640
• 25 Newport M. Alzheimer vorbeugen und behandeln. Die Keton-Kur: Wie ein natürliches Fett die Erkrankung aufhält Kirchzarten: VAK; 2012