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Neuropediatrics 2016; 47(04): 221-225
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1583182
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Evaluating an Association between Ampicillin and Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Preterm Infants

Eric S. Peeples
1   Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
,
Thomas P. Strandjord
1   Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
,
Sandra E. Juul
1   Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

04 December 2015

02 March 2016

Publication Date:
25 April 2016 (online)

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Abstract

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a common and potentially devastating adverse outcome affecting up to 30% of preterm infants. β-Lactam antibiotics affect platelet activation through interaction with platelet surface receptors. The objective of this study was to evaluate an association between ampicillin use and the development of IVH in preterm infants. This was a single-center and a retrospective case–control study of preterm low-birth-weight infants diagnosed with IVH and matched controls without IVH. Conditional logistic regression was performed on 10 clinical features from the first week of life to evaluate the association with IVH. Data were obtained for 174 subjects with no significant differences between groups in demographic factors and level of illness indicators. Earlier administration of the first dose of ampicillin was associated with increased odds of developing IVH (odds ratio [OR]: 0.95, p = 0.028) when controlling for other common associations. Longer courses of ampicillin were not significantly associated with the development of IVH (OR: 1.13, p = 0.089). The odds of developing IVH in our population increased with earlier, but not longer initial courses of ampicillin. Further research into the associations with IVH should include the assessment of ampicillin dose, timing, and duration.

Keywords

ampicillin - β-lactam - brain injury - intraventricular hemorrhage - prematurity
 

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