Abstract
Subcondylar fractures encompass a large portion of mandible fractures. Owing to their
proximity to the temporomandibular joint and difficulty achieving surgical exposure,
treatment of these fractures has been challenging and highly debated throughout the
literature. While no one modality is the accepted gold standard, there are multiple
options for addressing these fractures that can yield satisfying results for both
patient and surgeon alike. A thorough literature review was conducted using PubMed,
analyzing articles in the past 15 years for relevance to the subject matter. Various
search terms were used to glean information regarding closed treatment, open treatment,
and the risks and benefits of the different surgical approaches involved. The articles
were reviewed by all of the authors for applicability and quality of data provided.
A total of 50 articles were selected for inclusion in the current study. The open
management of subcondylar fractures encompasses a vast array of techniques. While
some surgeons advocate closed treatment in some circumstances, open treatment affords
numerous advantages with the advent of multiple access modalities. There is no single
superior method, and as such, the craniofacial surgeon should have a comprehensive
understanding of options so as to select the appropriate option that is individualized
to the patient. A clear understanding of fracture biomechanics balanced with patient
expectations and operative safety allows for the surgeon to make a sound decision
for treatment.
Keywords
trauma - condylar fracture - management
