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Semin Thromb Hemost 2018; 44(02): 159-166
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1607352
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Emerging Roles for von Willebrand Factor in Cancer Cell Biology

Jamie M. O'Sullivan
1   Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
,
Roger J. S. Preston
1   Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
,
Tracy Robson
1   Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
2   Cancer Biology and Human Genomics Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
,
James S. O'Donnell
1   Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
3   National Centre for Coagulation Disorders, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
17 November 2017 (online)

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Abstract

von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a complex multimeric plasma glycoprotein that plays critical roles in normal hemostasis. However, additional novel roles for VWF in modulating cancer cell biology, and in particular tumor metastasis, have recently been reported. Markedly elevated plasma VWF levels were associated with advanced tumor stage and metastatic disease. These observations have raised the question of whether VWF may be involved in regulating tumor progression. Interestingly, novel findings indicate that VWF is expressed by a variety of tumor cells of nonendothelial origin. Critically, tumor cells that exhibit de novo acquired VWF expression demonstrate enhanced binding to endothelial cells (EC) and platelets, and increased extravasation through EC barriers. Furthermore, in vitro studies have shown that VWF can bind a variety of different tumor cells mediated by specific receptors expressed on the tumor cell surface. The concept that VWF is important in modulating tumor metastasis is further supported by in vivo experiments demonstrating that antibody-mediated VWF inhibition significantly attenuated murine metastasis. Intriguingly, however, VWF binding to specific human tumor cell lines results in apoptosis. In this study, the authors provide an overview of recent advances supporting a role for VWF in regulating multiple aspects of cancer cell biology.

Keywords

von Willebrand factor - cancer - metastasis

Authors' Contribution

All authors drafted the first version of different sections of the article and all critically reviewed the final article.


 

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