Abstract
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies have been associated with pediatric
demyelinating diseases. The clinical course in a patient with MOG positivity is variable
but not well-characterized. Here, we describe the clinical course and treatment in
MOG antibody positive demyelinating diseases in our pediatric population. This case
series is of 13 patients who tested MOG antibody positive: two relapsing remitting
multiple sclerosis (RR-MS), seven acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM) or
ADEM-optic neuritis (ADEM-ON), two clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), and two neuromyelitis
optica (NMO). These patients appear to have more relapses, requiring more medications
including IV steroids and IVIG. These patients are also more likely to start on disease
modifying therapy (DMT) earlier, and β-interferon appears to not prevent relapses.
MOG antibody positivity could provide as a marker for predicting frequent relapses
in RR-MS and NMO patients, allowing for therapeutic intervention with earlier DMT.
Keywords
autoimmune - treatment - multiple sclerosis - neuroimmunology - pediatric - myelin
oligodendrocyte protein - MOG - neuromyelitis optica - acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
