Vergleich zwischen Mehrkatzenbeständen mit und ohne Katzenschnupfen

Judit Zapirain Gastón; Christiane Stengel; D. Harbour; St. Krieger; Susanne Stampf; Katrin Hartmann

doi:10.1055/s-0037-1622486

Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere / Heimtiere, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2005; 33(05): 351-358
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1622486

Hund/Katze

Schattauer GmbH

Vergleich zwischen Mehrkatzenbeständen mit und ohne Katzenschnupfen

Comparison between multiple cat households with and without upper respiratory tract disease

Authors

Judit Zapirain Gastón

¹Aus der Medizinischen Kleintierklinik (Vorstand: Prof. Dr. K. Hartmann) der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Christiane Stengel

¹Aus der Medizinischen Kleintierklinik (Vorstand: Prof. Dr. K. Hartmann) der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
D. Harbour

²Department of Clinical Veterinary Science Division, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
St. Krieger

³Institut für Statistik (Vorstand: Prof. Dr. G. Tutz) der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Susanne Stampf

³Institut für Statistik (Vorstand: Prof. Dr. G. Tutz) der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Katrin Hartmann

¹Aus der Medizinischen Kleintierklinik (Vorstand: Prof. Dr. K. Hartmann) der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Abstract

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Katzenschnupfen ist ein häufiges Problem in der Kleintierpraxis. Eine Reihe von Faktoren beeinflusst das Auftreten der Krankheit. Ziel dieser Arbeit war, Mehrkatzenbestände (≥ 5 Katzen) mit und ohne Katzen-schnupfen zu vergleichen und die Faktoren zu ermitteln, die in diesen Beständen unterschiedlich vorhanden waren.

Material und Methoden: In die Studie gingen 21 Fall- und 20 Kontrollbestände ein. In jedem Bestand diente ein Fragebogen der Erhebung möglicher Risikofaktoren. Die Katzen wurden auf felines Herpesvirus 1, felines Calicivirus, Chlamydophila felis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, felines Immunschwächevirus und felines Leukämievirus untersucht und ein Blutbild wurde angefertigt.

Ergebnisse: Von allen untersuchten Faktoren ergaben sich nur in Hinblick auf das häufigere Vorhandensein männlicher Katzen und die höhere Prävalenz von Chlamydophila felis statistisch signifikante Unterschiede zwischen Beständen mit und ohne Katzenschnupfen. Andere Erreger waren in “Problembeständen” und in “gesunden Beständen” mit annähernd gleicher Häufigkeit vorhanden.

Klinische Relevanz: Zwischen der Kontroll- und der Fallgruppe bestanden wenig signifikante Unterschiede. Viele der untersuchten Faktoren wie Neuzugänge oder schlechte Hygiene im Bestand differierten nicht statistisch signifikant zwischen den Haltungen. Außerdem sind Bestände, in denen Katzenschnupfen nicht auftritt, nicht unbedingt “frei” von Erregern. Viele Katzen können infiziert sein und zeitweise Erreger ausscheiden, ohne Symptome aufzuweisen.

Summary

Objective: Upper respiratory tract disease in cats isa common problem in veterinary practice. A number of risk factors have an influence on the development of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare multiple cat households (≥ 5 cats) with and without upper respiratory tract disease and to determine the risk factors, which were different in these households.

Material and methods: The investigation comprised 21 “case” and 20 “control” households. In every household, data on possible risk factors were gathered by a questionnaire. The cats were examined for feline herpesvirus-1, feline calicivirus, Chlamydophila felis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, feline immunodeficiency virus, and feline leukemia virus. Additionally, a complete blood count was performed.

Results: Only the parameters overrepresentation of male cats and the higher prevalence of Chlamydophila felis varied statistically significantly between “control” and “case” households. Other pathogens were almost equally present in “control” and “case” households.

Clinical relevance: Only small differences existed between “control” and “case” households. Most of the investigated factors, including introduction of new cats or poor hygiene, did not show statistically significant differences between these households. In addition, households without upper respiratory tract disease are not devoid of pathogens. Many cats can be infected and occasionally shed the pathogen without showing clinical signs.

Schlüsselwörter

Katzenschnupfen - Risikofaktoren - Mehrkatzenhaushalt - felines Herpesvirus 1 - felines Calicivirus - Chlamydophila felis - Bordetella bronchiseptica

Key words

Feline upper respiratory tract disease - Risk factors - Multiple cat households - Feline herpesvirus-1 - Feline calicivirus - Chlamidophila felis - Bordetella bronchiseptica

Volltext

Referenzen

Literatur
1 August JR. The control and eradication of feline upper respiratory infections in cluster populations. Vet Med 1990; 09: 1002-6.
2 Baker JAA. virus obtained from a pneumonia of cats and its possible relation to the cause of a typical pneumonia in cats. Science 1942; 96: 475-6.
3 Bech-Nielsen S, Fulton RW, Cox U, Hoskins JD. et al. Feline respiratory tract disease in Louisiana. Am J Vet Res 1980; 41: 1293-8.
4 Binns SH, Dawson S, Speakman AJ, Cuevas LE. et al. Prevalence and risk factors for feline Bordetella bronchiseptica infection. Vet Rec 1999; 144: 575-80.
5 Binns SH, Dawson S, Speakman AJ, Cuevas LE. et al. A study of feline upper respiratory tract disease with reference to prevalence and risk factors for infection with feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus. J Feline Med Surg 2000; 02: 123-33.
6 Cello RM. Association of pleuropneumonia-like organisms with conjunctivitis of cats. Am J Ophthalmol 1957; 43: 296-7.
7 Coutts AJ, Dawson S, Willoughby K, Gaskell RM. Isolation of feline respiratory virus from clinically healthy cats at UK cat shows. Vet Rec 1994; 135: 555-6.
8 Coutts AJ, Dawson S, Binns S, Hart CA, Gaskell CJ, Gaskell RM. Studies on natural transmission of Bordetella bronchiseptica in cats. Vet Microbiol 1996; 48: 19-27.
9 Crandell RA, Maurer FD. Isolation of a feline virus associated with intranuclear inclusion bodies. Proc Soc Exper Biol & Med 1958; 97: 487.
10 Fastier LBA. new feline virus isolated in tissue culture. Am J Vet Res 1957; 18: 382.
11 Gaskell CJ, Gaskell RM, Dennis PE, Wooldridge MJA. Efficacy of an inactivated feline calicivirus (FCV) vaccine against challenge with United Kingdom field strains and its interaction with the FCV carrier state. Res Vet Science 1982; 32: 23-6.
12 Gaskell RM, Dawson S. Viral-induced upper respiratory tract disease. In: Feline Medicine and Therapuetics. Chandler EA, Gaskell CJ. eds. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1994: 453-72.
13 Gaskell RM, Dawson S, Jacobs AAC, Seawell BW. The role of Bordetella in feline respiratory disease. In: Consultations in Feline Internal Medicine. August JR. ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1997: 34-6.
14 Gaskell RM, Dawson S. Feline respiratory disease. In: Infectious Disease of the Dog and Cat. 2nd ed.. Greene CE. ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1998: 97-106.
15 Harbour DA, Howard PE, Gaskell RM. Isolation of feline calicivirus and feline herpesvirus from domestic cats 1980 to 1989. Vet Rec 1991; 128: 77-80.
16 Helps CR, Lait P, Damhuis A, Björnehammar U. et al. Factors associated with upper respiratory tract disease in experience from 218 European catteries. Vet Rec. (submitted for publication).
17 Jacobs AA, Chalmers WS, Pasman J, van Vugt S. et al. Feline bordetellosis: challenge and vaccine studies. Vet Rec 1993; 133: 260-3.
18 Jensen MM, Buell DJ, McKim RM. Isolation rates of feline respiratory virus in local cat populations. J Small Anim Pract 1977; 18: 659-61.
19 Knowles JO, Gaskell RM, Gaskell CJ, Harvey CE. et al. Prevalence of feline calicivirus, feline leukaemia virus and antibodies to FIV in cats with chronic stomatitis. Vet Rec 1989; 124: 336-8.
20 Lauritzen A, Jarrett O, Sabara M. Serological analysis of feline calivirus isolates from the United States and the United Kingdom. Vet Microbiol 1997; 56: 55-63.
21 Maclachlan NJ, Burgess GWA. survey of feline viral upper respiratory tract infections. New Zealand VetJ 1979; 26: 260-1.
22 McArdle HC, Dawson S, Coutts AJ, Bennett M. et al. Seroprevalence and isolation rate of Bordetella bronchiseptica in cats in the UK. Vet Rec 1994; 135: 506-7.
23 McGowan JP. Some observations on a laboratory epidemic, principally among dogs and cats, in which the animals affected presented the symptoms of the disease called “distemper”.J Pathol Bacteriol. 1911; 15: 372-426.
24 Norsworthy GD. Upper respiratory infections. In: Feline Practice. Norsworthy GD. ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott; 1993: 570-6.
25 Orr CM, Gaskell CJ, Gaskell RM. Interaction of a combined feline viral rhinotracheitis-feline calicivirus vaccine and the FRV carrier state. Vet Rec 1978; 103: 200-2.
26 Pasmans F, Acke M, Vanrobaeys M, Haesebrouck F. Prevalence of Bordetella bronchiseptica infections in cats from different environments. Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift 2001; 70: 124-6.
27 Pedersen N. Bordetellosis. In: Feline Infectious Disease. Pedersen NC, Goleta CA. eds. California: American Veterinary Publications; 1988: 153-4.
28 Pennise MG, Ferat MT, Masucci M, De Majo M, Carbone M. Isolation of Bordetella bronchiseptica in cats: clinical and epidemiological evaluation. Proceedings of the I.A.I.E.V. National Meeting, Palermo, Italy 1999; 18-20.
29 Povey RC, Johnson RH. A survey of feline viral rhinotracheitis and feline picornavirus infection in Britain. J Small Anim Pract 1971; 12: 233-47.
30 Povey RC. Feline respiratory disease. In: Infectious Disease of the Dog and Cat. Greene CE. ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1990: 346-57.
31 Turnquist SE, Ostlund E. Calicivirus outbreak with high mortality in a Missouri feline colony. J Vet Diagn Invest 1997; 09: 195-8.
32 Wardley RC, Gaskell RM, Povey RC. Feline respiratory viruses – their prevalence in clinically healthy cats. J Small Anim Pract 1974; 15: 579-86.
33 Welsh RD. Bordetella bronchiseptica infections in cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1996; 32: 153-8.
34 Willoughby K, Dawson S, Jones RC, Symons M. et al. Isolation of B bronchiseptica from kittens with pneumonia in a breeding cattery. Vet Rec 1991; 129: 407-8.
35 Wills JM. Chlamydial infection in the cat. PhD thesis, University of Bristol 1986.
36 Wills JM, Howard PE, Gruffydd-Jones TJ, Wathes CM. Prevalence of Chlamydia psittaci in different cat populations in Britain. J Small Anim Pract 1988; 29: 327-39.