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Semin intervent Radiol 2020; 37(03): 269-273
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713444
Review Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

An Algorithmic Approach to Minimally Invasive Management of Nontraumatic Chylothorax

Luis D. Goity
1   Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Maxim Itkin
1   Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Gregory Nadolski
1   Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
31 July 2020 (online)

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Abstract

Chylothorax is a rare condition characterized by lymph accumulation in the pleural space. When it occurs independent of trauma, it is even more rare and difficult to treat as identification of lymphatic leak is unpredictable. In addition, treatment of this condition with conventional lymphangiography and thoracic duct embolization may not result in positive outcomes. As such, the role of contrast-enhanced dynamic magnetic resonance lymphangiography to guide treatment is key to maximizing success with the advantage of localizing the site of lymphatic leak. Herein, we summarize etiologies of nontraumatic chylothorax, offer an updated treatment algorithm to stratify affected patients and determine appropriate treatment options, and review procedural techniques critical to efficient and effective treatment.

Keywords

thoracic duct - chylous - chylothorax - lymphatic - interventional radiology - pleural space
 

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