Harnsteindiagnostik – Was bringt uns die Zukunft?

Zusammenfassung

Die Harnsteinanalyse gehört zu den Schlüsselelementen des klinischen Managements von Urolithiasis Patienten. Heutzutage erfolgt sie mittels Fourier-Transform-Infrarotspektroskopie, Röntgendiffraktometrie oder Polarisationsmikroskopie in spezialisierten Laboren unter Verwendung von kostenintensiven Gerätschaften. Dies limitiert den flächendeckenden und leitliniengerechten Einsatz der Steinanalyse in der Patientenversorgung. Neue technische Entwicklungen wie die Raman Spektroskopie oder hyperspektrale Bildgebung ergeben innovative Ansätze für die Optimierung der Harnsteinanalytik. In Zukunft sind portable Systeme denkbar, die eine Harnsteinanalyse direkt postoperativ ermöglichen oder Verfahren, die sogar direkt in therapeutische Lithotripsie Lasersysteme integriert werden.

Abstract

Analysis of the composition of a urinary stone is one of the most important steps in the clinical management of patients with urolithiasis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry and petrographic microscopy are the techniques currently used. Novel technical developments in recent years – such as Raman spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging – have resulted in new approaches to improve urinary stone analysis. In future, table-top portable systems may be used that allow stones to be rapidly examined directly after the operation. These systems may even be integrated into lithotripsy laser systems.

Schlüsselwörter

Harnsteinanalyse - hyperspektrale Bildgebung - Infrarotspektroskopie - Metaphylaxe - Nierensteine - Raman Spektroskopie - Urolithiasis

Key words

hyperspectral imaging - infrared spectroscopy - kidney stone - metaphylaxis - Raman spectroscopy - urinary stone - urolithiasis

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