Klin Padiatr 2022; 234(05): 330-331
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1754476
Abstracts
Poster
Poster Walk 2: Lungenfunktion, Infektiologie und Tuberkulose

Impaired lung function in preterm-born adolescents of the post-surfactant era

Y Salem
1   Bern University Hospital, Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Bern, Switzerland
,
CC Willers
1   Bern University Hospital, Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Bern, Switzerland
,
A-C Kentgens
1   Bern University Hospital, Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Bern, Switzerland
,
J Jakob
1   Bern University Hospital, Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Bern, Switzerland
,
E Stranzinger
2   Bern University Hospital, Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern, Switzerland
,
B Brabandt
2   Bern University Hospital, Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern, Switzerland
,
A Peters
2   Bern University Hospital, Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern, Switzerland
,
LI Loebelenz
2   Bern University Hospital, Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Bern, Switzerland
,
G Bauman
3   University of Basel Hospital, Division of Radiological Physics, Department of Radiology, Basel, Switzerland
,
P Latzin
1   Bern University Hospital, Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Bern, Switzerland
,
S Yammine
1   Bern University Hospital, Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Bern, Switzerland
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    Introduction After 1990, perinatal management of preterm-born children has significantly changed. As premature survivors born after 1990 are just reaching adulthood by now, data on long-term respiratory consequences of prematurity in the so-called post-surfactant era is scarce. We aimed to assess differences in lung function and structure in preterm-born adolescents of the post-surfactant era compared to matched term-born controls.

    Methods Participants performed spirometry, multiple-breath washout (MBW), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We compared forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, functional residual capacity (FRC), lung clearance index (LCI), and scoring from structural MRI (range 0-48) between preterm- and term-born adolescents by t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.

    Results We included 69 preterm-born adolescents (47 (68%) of them with bronchopulmonary dysplasia) with a mean (SD) gestational age of 29.0 (2.9) weeks and 70 term-born controls. Mean (SD) study age was 17 (1) years, 53% were male. Mean (SD) FEV1 z-score was significantly lower in preterm-born adolescents: -0.90 (1.10) vs. -0.32 (0.86) in controls (mean difference (95% CI) -0.58 (-0.91 ; -0.25), P=0.001), as was FEV1/FVC z-score with -1.04 (1.08) vs. -0.32 (1.03) (mean difference (95% CI) -0.71 (-1.07 ; -0.36), P<0.001). LCI as a marker of ventilation inhomogeneity was higher in the preterm- compared to the term-born group, but within normal range, while FRC was similar in both groups. Preterm-born adolescents showed mild structural abnormalities in MRI (median score 0 in both groups, range 0-4 vs. 0-1 in controls, P=0.002).

    Conclusion While we found lung function impairment in preterm-born adolescents of the post-surfactant era compared to term-born controls, we observed only mild structural abnormalities. Our findings suggest that functional impairment of the preterm lung may be observed even without relevant structural changes.


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    Conflict of Interest

    No

    Publication History

    Article published online:
    21 September 2022

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