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Sportverletz Sportschaden 2019; 33(02): 96-103
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-124496
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Relationships between maximal strength of lower limb, anthropometric characteristics and fundamental explosive performance in handball players

Zusammenhänge zwischen der Maximalkraft der unteren Extremitäten, anthropometrischen Eigenschaften und der grundlegenden Explosivkraft bei Handballspielern
Souhail Hermassi
1   Sport Science Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
,
Mohamed Souhaiel Chelly
1   Sport Science Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
,
Herbert Wagner
2   Department of Sports Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Austria
,
Georg Fieseler
3   Division for Shoulder Surgery and Sports Medicine, Helios Clinic, Warburg, Germany
,
Stephan Schulze
4   Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
,
Karl-Stefan Delank
4   Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
,
Roy J. Shephard
5   Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
,
René Schwesig
4   Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
14 February 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Background The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between lower body muscular strength, anthropometric characteristics and several measures of explosive performance in elite team-handball players.

Methods 22 male elite team-handball players (age: 19.1 ± 1.7 years) were studied during the competitive season. Standard anthropometric and body composition measures included body mass index, lower limb and thigh muscle volume, and body fat percentage. Maximal leg strength was determined by a one-repetition maximum (1-RM) half back-squat. Vertical jump performance was assessed using a squat jump (SJ) and a counter movement jump (CMJ). Repeated shuttle-sprint ability (RSA) was tested by 6 (2 × 15 m) shuttle sprints with 20 s of active recovery intervals. The best time in a single shuttle sprint (30m; RSAbest), fastest total time (RSATT) and RSA test performance decrement (RSAdec) were recorded. Agility was measured using a modified T-half test (MAT). Throwing velocities of jump shooting and 3-step throwing were recorded by digital video camera.

Results The explained variance of 1-RM half-back-squats ranged from 0.2 % (RSA% Fatigue Index) to 70.1 % (CMJ). Four out of 8 variables (RSA Best Time, CMJ, SJ, throwing velocity of jump shoot) demonstrated an r2 > 0.5. Jump performances seemed closely related to 1-RM half-back-squats. Furthermore, 1-RM half-back-squats were positively correlated with leg and thigh muscle volumes (r = 0.652, r = 0.768).

Conclusion The anthropometric characteristics and some physical performance tests are closely related to the maximal strength performance of handball players. Coaches should focus on maximal strength training programs for the lower limbs when seeking improvements in the throwing velocity and jump performance of handball players.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Zusammenhänge zwischen der Muskelkraft der unteren Extremitäten, anthropometrischen Eigenschaften und mehreren Messgrößen der Explosivkraftleistung bei Handballspielern im Spitzensport zu untersuchen.

Methoden 22 Leistungshandballer (Alter: 19,1 ± 1,7 Jahre) wurden während der Wettbewerbssaison untersucht. Als Standardgrößen für die anthropometrischen Messungen und die Körperzusammensetzung wurden der Body-Mass-Index, die Muskelvolumina der unteren Extremitäten und Oberschenkel sowie der prozentuale Körperfettanteil bestimmt. Die maximale Beinkraft wurde anhand des Wiederholungsmaximums (1-RM) von Halbkniebeugen gemessen. Die Beurteilung der Vertikalsprungleistung erfolgte durch einen Squat-Jump (SJ) und einen Counter-Movement-Jump (CMJ). Die Repeated-Shuttle-Sprint-Ability (RSA) wurde anhand von 6 Shuttle-Sprints (2 × 15 m) mit aktiven Erholungsintervallen von 20 s überprüft. Desweiteren wurden die Bestzeit im Single-Shuttle-Sprint (30m; RSAbest), die schnellste Gesamtzeit (RSATT) und die Leistungsminderung im RSA-Test (RSAdec) erfasst. Die Agilität wurde anhand eines modifizierten T-Half-Tests (MAT) gemessen. Mithilfe einer digitalen Videokamera wurden die Wurfgeschwindigkeiten beim Jump-Shooting und beim 3-Schritte-Wurf dokumentiert.

Ergebnisse Die erklärte Varianz des 1-RM der Halbkniebeugen reichte von 0,2 % (RSA% Fatigue Index) bis 70,1 % (CMJ). 4 von 8 Variablen (RSA -Bestzeit, CMJ, SJ, Wurfgeschwindigkeit beim Jump-Shooting) zeigten ein r2 > 0,5. Die Sprungleistung scheint eng mit dem 1-RM der Halbkniebeugen verbunden zu sein. Außerdem korrelierte das 1-RM der Halbkniebeugen positiv mit den Bein- und Oberschenkelmuskelvolumina (r = 0,652, r = 0,768).

Schlussfolgerung Die anthropometrischen Eigenschaften und einige physikalische Leistungstests sind bei Handballspielern eng mit der Maximalkraftleistung verbunden. Trainer, die Verbesserungen der Wurfgeschwindigkeit und Sprungleistung bei Handballspielern anstreben, sollten den Trainingsschwerpunkt auf ein Maximalkrafttraining für die unteren Extremitäten legen.

Key words

team-handball - maximal squat strength - explosive movement - sprint tests

Schlüsselwörter

Team-Handball - Maximalkraft bei Kniebeugen - Explosivbewegung - Sprint-Tests
 

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