RADIODERMATITIS RISK FACTORS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Introduction: Radiodermatitis is a common side effect in câncer patients undergoing radioterapy, whose onset and intensity is associate of several risk factors related to the person or treatment. These reactions may affect the therapeutic schedule and the quality of life of patients. Objective: To identify the available evidence in literature about risk factor for radiodermatitis. Method: this is na integrative review, performed in the CINAHL databases through EBSCOhost, MedLine/Pubmed, EMBASE and LILACS, BDENF through BVS, in May and June 2019, using the descriptors risk factor, radiodermatitis. Inclusion criteria were: articles in português, english and spanish, related to the thematic. Review article, case studies, annals and duplicate samples were excluded. There was no temporal delimitation. The articles were reviewed by two authors and when necessary a third was consulted. No critical appraisal of the studies was performed. RESULT: 164 articles were found, of which 3 were delected by duplication and 140 for not answering the research question, and the sample consisted of 21 articles. From the analysis, 3 categories were defined according to the risk factors for acute and late radiodermatitis, related to the individual and treatment, and grouped by irradiated área. In the breast category, risk factors were IMC >25, breast size, volume, height, smoking during radiotherapy, black race, inframammary fold área, post menopause, younger age, bra size, genetic factors, absence of allergy, axillary fat thickness, distance between pectoral muscle and nipple higher disease stage, previous and concomitant hormone therapy, conventional fractionation, beam energy, immobilization device, collimator and physical filter. In the head and neck category: older age, P16 expression, elevated IMC, smoking, anemia, concomitant treatment with chemotherapy and external beam and cumulative doses of skin >7Gy> for category anoretal correspond to high IMC, smoking, concomitant treatment with chemotherapy and external beam. Conclusion: knowledge of risk factors allowa better planning of nursing interventions and evaluations of unwanted effects of radiotherapy. In this sense, the development of studies on the subject in other irradiated áreas is important.

 

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No conflict of interest has been declared by the author(s).

Publication History

Article published online:
23 October 2019