Die Geburtserfahrung - eine Übersichtsarbeit

Zusammenfassung

Die Geburtserfahrung ist ein multidimensionales Konstrukt mit ausgeprägter Forschungsaktivität. Vier Faktorengruppen beeinflussen im Wesentlichen die Geburtserfahrung: geburtshilfliche und analgetische Maßnahmen, Beziehungsfaktoren, anamnestische Faktoren sowie die intrapartale persönliche Erfahrung. Üblicherweise wird die Geburtserfahrung im Wochenbett im Rahmen eines Zufriedenheitsscores ermittelt. Da dieser Zufriedenheitsscore ein sehr allgemeines Konstrukt ist, der seinerseits auf Subdimensionen verweist, kommt es zu Verzerrungen bei der Erhebungssituation.

Vorgeschlagen wird, die Erfahrungen während des Gebärens zu analysieren und damit den Pfad der Post-hoc-Rationalisierung zu verlassen. Dabei wird eine dynamisch angelegte Wohlbefindensforschung angestrebt, die zur Gesundheitsförderung in einer grenzwertig belasteten Situation beitragen soll.

Abstract

The last two decades have seen an increasing interest in research in the area of birth experiences. The research has focussed on four areas with regard to their influence on the birth experience. These areas included obstetric and analgesic variables, relational parameters, prenatal development and intrapartum subjective experience. Birth experience is generally ascertained in the early puerperium with regard to an overall satisfaction score. Bias is due to various situational factors. Problems in satisfaction research arise from the fact that birth experience cannot be assessed through one single item. We suggest to analyse birth experience already during labour and therefore try to contribute towards a dynamic approach to well-being in birthing.

Schlüsselwörter

Geburtserfahrung - Zufriedenheitsforschung - Wohlbefinden - Gesundheitsförderung

Key words

Birth experience - satisfaction research - well-being - health promotion

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