Abstract
Purpose: To examine longitudinal changes of bone mineral density (BMD) after parathyroidectomy
(PTx) in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) with severe secondary hyperparathyroidism
(HPT) to determine which factor contributes most to bone changes. Methods: Fifteen Japanese HD patients who had been refractory to medical therapy were subject
to PTx with autotransplantation. We measured BMD by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
(DXA) at the lumbar spine (L2 - 4 BMD) and the distal 1/3 region of the radius (1/3R
BMD) at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after PTx. Results: Baseline Z-score of BMD was markedly low at 1/3R (- 3.07) and slightly low at L2
- 4 (-0.59) in this group. A significant increase in L2 - 4 BMD was observed as early
as one month after PTx, which was sustained afterwards. Annual percent changes in
L2 - 4 and 1/3R BMD were + 15.6 % and + 6.4 %, respectively. The annual percent changes
in BMD at both sites were positively associated with preoperative intact PTH levels
(L2 - 4; r = 0.642, p = 0.010, 1/3R; r = 0.884, p < 0.001) and total alkaline phosphatase
(ALP) levels (L2 - 4; r = 0.663, p = 0.007, 1/3R; r = 0.858, p < 0.001). Stepwise
multiple regression analysis revealed that serum levels of intact PTH and ALP were
the best predictors of both percentage and net changes in radial BMD with high determination
coefficients (r2 > 0.8). Conclusion: Successful PTx following appropriate supplementation with vitamin D and calcium provides
a marked increase in lumbar BMD and a modest increase in radial BMD in HD patients
with secondary HPT. Preoperative levels of PTH and ALP are useful for predicting postoperative
changes in bone mass.
Key words
Bone mineral density - Parathyroid hormone - Parathyroidectomy - Hyperparathyroidism
- Dialysis
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S. Yano, M.D. & Ph. D.
Endocrine-Hypertension Division · Brigham and Women's Hospital
221 Longwood Avenue · Boston · MA 02115 · USA ·
Phone: +1(617)2780764
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Email: syano@rics.bwh.harvard.edu