Zusammenfassung
Der künstliche Gelenkersatz an Hüfte und Knie bei Arthrose macht den größten Teil
orthopädischer Operationen aus. Vorgeschaltete Behandlungsoptionen von medikamentöser
über physikalische Therapie bis hin zu knöchernen Korrektureingriffen verzögern die
Beschwerdezunahme. Sobald diese nicht mehr greifen und bevor die Voraussetzungen zur
Operation wie (noch) guter Knochenstock und (noch) gute muskuläre Führung kompromittiert
werden, ist der Gelenkersatz angezeigt. Die Auswahl der richtigen Implantatklasse
je nach vorliegendem Gelenkschaden und Knochenabbau sowie das Beherrschen subtiler
operativer Techniken zeichnen den erfolgreichen Operateur aus. Ein kausaler Therapieansatz
im Sinne einer Rekonstruktion der knorpeligen Gelenkfläche steht noch aus.
Abstract
Hip and knee replacement surgery accounts for the major part of orthopaedic operations.
Preceding therapeutic options like oral analgetics or physical therapy up to corrective
osteotomies may prolong the increase in impairment. As soon as these options become
ineffective and as long as surgery requirements like bone stock and muscle constitution
are still good, joint replacement is indicated. The right choice of implant according
to the degree of joint and bone affection and the capability of using subtle operative
methods mark the successful surgeon. No causal therapeutic option such as reconstruction
of joint cartilage is available at present.
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Prof. Dr. med. Ekkehard Hille
Abteilung für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, AK Eilbek
Friedrichsberger Straße 60
22081 Hamburg
Email: hille@ortho-hamburg.de