ABSTRACT
This article examines current practice in the various areas of head and neck reconstruction,
including mandible, skull base, floor of mouth, tongue, maxilla, pharyngoesophagus,
and larynx. Flaps such as the fibula, which have become the “gold standard” in mandibular
reconstruction, are compared with the radial forearm flap, which previously held a
similar position in floor-of-mouth reconstruction. The influences of newer flaps such
as the anterolateral thigh flap are discussed. Also, the emerging role of perforator
flaps in head and neck reconstruction is described. As well, the resurging interest
in the iliac crest in reconstruction of the maxilla is highlighted. The concept of
tissue-engineered and prefabricated flaps is put into perspective with regard to the
oncology patient, and the future role of tissue transplantation is explored.
KEYWORDS
Head and neck - advances - future
