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Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 73(11): 654-663
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-830306
Originalarbeit
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Neuropsychologie autistischer Störungen

Neuropsychology of Autistic DisordersH.  Remschmidt1 , I.  Kamp-Becker1
  • 1Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie der Philipps-Universität Marburg (Direktor: Prof. Dr. Dr. H. Remschmidt)
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Publication History

Publication Date:
11 July 2005 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Autistische Störungen sind persistierende Entwicklungsstörungen, die durch ein charakteristisches Muster von sozialen, kommunikativen und stereotypen, repetitiven Verhaltensweisen gekennzeichnet sind. Sie bestehen von früher Kindheit an und haben höchstwahrscheinlich eine biologische Ursache. Eine Übersicht über neuropsychologische Fragestellungen und Ergebnisse bei autistischen Störungen wird vorgestellt. Besonderheiten bzw. Auffälligkeiten ergeben sich in den Bereichen der Intelligenz, der Aufmerksamkeit, des Gedächtnisses, der Sprache, der exekutiven Funktionen, der Theory of Mind und der zentralen Kohärenz. Die verschiedenen neuropsychologischen Auffälligkeiten werden modellhaft zusammengefasst, das die elementaren Funktionen, die Funktionssysteme und die zugrunde liegenden theoretischen Annahmen berücksichtigt. Autistische Störungen werden als Integrationsdefizit dieser unterschiedlichen Funktionen aufgefasst.

Abstract

Autistic disorders are pervasive developmental disorders, which are characterised by social, communicative and stereotyped, repetitive behaviour patterns. The onset of these disorders is in early childhood and they are most likely of biological origin. A review of neuropsychological questions and results is presented. Special features are found with regard to intelligence, attention, memory, speech, executive functions, theory of mind and central coherence. The different neuropsychological features are explained in terms of an integrated model which takes into account the elementary functions, systems of functioning and the underlying theoretical concepts. Autistic disorders can be understood as an integration deficit of these different functions.

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Prof. Dr. Dr. Helmut Remschmidt

Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie

Hans-Sachs-Str. 4-6

35039 Marburg

Email: remschm@med.uni-marburg.de

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